Biology 2015

Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht

Chapter 38

Sense Organs

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

The conversion of an environmental stimulus into a nerve impulse is called sensory
a. conduction.
b. conversion.
c. transduction.
d. transformation.

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Problem 2

The brain is able to interpret nerve impulses coming from sensory receptors as vision, hearing, taste, and so on mainly because
a. the impulses are of different strength (quantity).
b. the impulses are of different types (quality).
c. impulses originating in different sensory organs travel to different areas of the brain.
d. None of these are correct.

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Problem 3

Which type of sensory receptor is involved in detecting blood pressure?
a. chemoreceptors
b. mechanoreceptors
c. photoreceptors
d. thermoreceptors

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Problem 4

Which association is incorrect?
a. chemoreceptors on antennae—crustaceans
b. chemoreceptors on feet—insects
c. Jacobson’s organs in mouth—planarians
d. taste buds on tongue—humans

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Problem 5

Which of the following is not a major type of taste receptor in humans?
a. salty
b. spicy
c. sour
d. sweet

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Problem 6

In humans, most olfactory cells are located in the
a. nasal cavity.
b. nostrils.
c. pharynx.
d. roof of the mouth.

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Problem 7

Which association is incorrect?
a. camera-type eye—molluscs
b. compound eye—arthropods
c. eyespots—planarians
d. panoramic vision—predators

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Problem 8

Which of the following is the correct path for light rays entering the human eye?
a. sclera, retina, choroid, lens, cornea
b. fovea centralis, pupil, aqueous humor, lens
c. cornea, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina
d. optic nerve, sclera, choroid, retina, humors
e. All of these are correct.

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Problem 9

Label this diagram of the human eye. State a function for each structure labeled.

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Problem 10

To focus on objects that are close to the viewer,
a. the suspensory ligaments must be pulled tight.
b. the lens needs to become more rounded.
c. the ciliary muscle will be relaxed.
d. the image must focus on the area of the optic nerve.

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Problem 11

Which abnormality of the eye is correctly matched?
a. cataracts—cloudy corneas
b. glaucoma—intraocular pressure is decreased
c. farsightedness—eyeball is longer than usual
d. nearsightedness—image focuses behind the retina
e. astigmatism—cornea or lens is uneven

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Problem 12

Which of the following is not involved with the detection of sound waves?
a. tympanum of insects
b. statocysts of crustaceans
c. lateral line of fishes
d. skeleton of amphibians and snakes

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Problem 13

Which one of these wouldn’t you mention if you were tracing the path of sound vibrations through the human ear?
a. auditory canal
b. tympanic membrane
c. semicircular canals
d. cochlea
e. ossicles

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Problem 14

Which one of these correctly describes the location of the organ of Corti?
a. between the tympanic membrane and the oval window in the inner ear
b. in the utricle and saccule within the vestibule
c. between the tectorial membrane and the basilar membrane in the cochlear canal
d. between the outer and inner ear within the semicircular canals

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Problem 15

Stimulation of hair cells in the semicircular canals results from the movement of
a. endolymph.
b. aqueous humor.
c. basilar membrane.
d. otoliths.

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Problem 16

Mechanoreceptors involved in maintaining muscle tone and body posture are called
a. cutaneous receptors.
b. pain receptors.
c. proprioceptors.
d. statocysts.

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Problem 17

Which type of cutaneous receptor is sensitive to pressure?
a. Meissner corpuscle
b. Merkel disk
c. Pacinian corpuscle
d. root hair plexus

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Problem 18

Nerve impulses generated by nociceptors are interpreted by the brain as
a. fine touch.
b. heat.
c. pain.
d. pressure

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