Chapter 3, Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World Video Solutions, Social Psychology

Problem 1

Which of the following is the best summary of research on automatic thinking?
a. Automatic thinking is vital to human survival, but it is not perfect and can produce mistaken judgments that have important consequences.
b. Automatic thinking is amazingly accurate and rarely produces errors of any consequence.
c. Automatic thinking is a problem because it usually produces mistaken judgments.
d. Automatic thinking works best when it occurs consciously.

Sarah Howell

Numerade Educator

01:45

Problem 2

Jennifer and Nate are walking along the street when they see a man walk out of a convenience store clutching a bag. The owner of the store runs out and shouts for the man to stop and come back. Jennifer immediately assumes that there has been a robbery, whereas Nate immediately assumes that the man forgot to get his change and that the store owner wants to give it to him. What is the best explanation for why Jennifer and Nate interpreted this event differently?
a. Jennifer and Nate were engaged in controlled thinking that resulted in different assumptions about what was going on.
b. Jennifer and Nate have different personalities.
c. Jennifer and Nate fell prey to the self-fulfilling prophecy.
d. Different schemas were accessible in Jennifer and Nate's minds, perhaps because they had different recent experiences that primed different schemas.

Daniel Cisneros

Numerade Educator

01:25

Problem 3

Which of the following is true about the use of schemas?
a. Schemas are an example of controlled thinking.
b. When people have an incorrect schema, rarely do they act in a way to make it come true.
c. Although schemas can lead to errors, they are a very useful way of organizing information about the world and filling in gaps in our knowledge.
d. The schema we use is influenced only by what information is chronically accessible and not by our goals or by what has been primed recently.

Vysakh M

Numerade Educator

05:38

Problem 4

Tiffany has a hard time trusting her friends because she believes they are irresponsible. Accordingly, when she makes dinner plans with one friend, she also makes backup plans with someone else, and she goes to one or the other. Her friends soon in turn begin to "blow off" their arrangements with Tiffany, because they are never sure whether she will show up. Tiffany thinks to herself, "See, I was right, my friends are irresponsible." Which of the following best explains why Tiffany made this conclusion?
a. Accurate social perception due to controlled processes
b. A self-fulfilling prophecy
c. Holistic thinking
d. Accurate social perception due to automatic processes

Gaelyn Dent

Numerade Educator

View

Problem 5

Suppose you wanted your friend Stephan to feel like a more assertive person. According to research on ________, you should ask him to think of ________ times in the past when he acted in an unassertive manner.
a. Representativeness heuristic; 12
b. Availability heuristic; 3
c. Representativeness heuristic; 3
d. Availability heuristic; 12

James Kiss

Numerade Educator

01:37

Problem 6

Which one of the following involves the least amount of automatic thinking?
a. acting according to goals that have been primed
b. using metaphors about the body to make judgments
c. counterfactual reasoning
d. self-fulfilling prophecies

Tanner Fonjweng

Numerade Educator

02:08

Problem 7

Which of the following is true?
a. All human beings have the same cognitive "tools" that they can use.
b. When people move from one culture to another they generally do not learn to think like people in the new culture.
c. East Asians tend to think more holistically and Westerners tend to think more analytically because of genetic differences between East Asians and Westerners.
d. American college students were more likely to notice changes in the background of a picture whereas Japanese college students were more likely to notice changes in the main objects in the foreground of the picture.

Alexa Moschella

Numerade Educator

02:03

Problem 8

Research on controlled thinking and free will shows that:
a. There is a disconnect between our conscious sense of how much we are causing our actions and how much we are really causing our actions.
b. It doesn't really matter whether or not people believe that they have free will.
c. Some primates have just as much free will as human beings.
d. People definitely do not have free will.

Sarah Howell

Numerade Educator

02:02

Problem 9

Suppose you are trying to raise money for your favorite charity and you set up a table in the lobby of a campus building. Which of the following is likely to increase the likelihood that passersby will donate money?
a. Give them a very light clipboard with information about your charity.
b. Ask people to hold a cold bottle of water while they listen to what you have to say
c. Show them pictures of Japanese cities so that they think holistically
d. Spray some citrus-scented cleaning solution on the table

Alexander Cheng

Numerade Educator

00:36

Problem 10

Based on everything you've read in this chapter, what is the best conclusion about social cognition?
a. People would be better off if we could turn off automatic thinking and rely solely on controlled thinking.
b. Whereas people are very sophisticated social thinkers who have amazing cognitive abilities, there is also plenty of room for improvement.
c. Social cognition is pretty much the same throughout the world in all cultures that have been studied.
d. One purpose of controlled thinking is to set goals for ourselves; that cannot be done with automatic thinking.

I O

Numerade Educator