Chapter Questions
Figure 7.2 If a mutation occurs so that a fungus is no longer able to produce a minus mating type, will it still be able to reproduce?
What is a likely evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?a. sexual reproduction involves fewer stepsb. less chance of using up the resources ina given environmentc. sexual reproduction results in greater variation in the offspringd. sexual reproduction is more costeffective
Which type of life cycle has both a haploid and diploid multicellular stage?a. an asexual life cycleb. diploid-dominantc. haploid-dominantd. alternation of generations
Which event leads to a diploid cell in a life cycle?a. meiosisb. fertilizationc. alternation of generationsd. mutation
Meiosis produces _______ daughter cells.a. two haploidb. two diploidc. four haploidd. four diploid
At which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids separated from each other?a. prophase Ib. prophase IIC. anaphase Id. anaphase II
The part of meiosis that is similar to mitosis is _____.a. meiosis Ib. anaphase IC. meiosis IId. interkinesis
If a muscle cell of a typical organism has 32 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be ina gamete of that same organism?a. 8b. 16c. 32d.64
The genotype XXY corresponds to:a. Klinefelter syndromeb. Turner syndromec. Triplo-Xd. Jacob syndrome
Abnormalities in the number of $X$ chromosomes tend to be milder than the same abnormalities in autosomes because of ______.a. deletionsb. nonhomologous recombinationC. synapsisd. $\mathrm{X}$ inactivation
Aneuploidies are deleterious for the individual because of what phenomenon?a. nondisjunctionb. gene dosageC. meiotic errorsd. X inactivation
Explain the advantage that populations of sexually reproducing organisms have over asexually reproducing organisms?
Describe the two events that are common to all sexually reproducing organisms and how they fit into the different life cycles of those organisms.
Explain how the random alignment of homologous chromosomes during metaphase I contributes to variation in gametes produced by meiosis.
In what ways is meiosis II similar to and different from mitosis of a diploid cell?
Individuals with trisomy 21 are more likely to survive to adulthood than individuals with trisomy18. Based on what you know about aneuploidies from this module, what can you hypothesize about chromosomes 21 and $18 ?$