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Principles of Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry

Gary Wulfsberg

Chapter 10

The Hydrides and Organometallic Derivatives of the Elements - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

03:52

Problem 1

Tell which of the following elements form (1) no hydride; (2) thermodynamically stable hydride(s); (3) thermodynamically unstable hydride(s): a. C;
b. As;
c. $\mathrm{O}$;
d. $\mathrm{Br}$;
e. $\mathrm{Xe}$;
f. $\mathrm{Sr}$;
g. Nd;
h. Hf;
i. Fe;
j. Os;
k. Ge;
I. $\mathrm{B}$;
m. Tl.

Zaida Minjares
Zaida Minjares
Numerade Educator
00:45

Problem 2

Give the formula of one hydride for each of the elements from the above list that does form hydrides.

Emily Himsel
Emily Himsel
Numerade Educator
00:36

Problem 3

Tell whether each of the following hydrides is a gas, liquid, or solid, and explain this fact in terms of the molecular, catenated molecular, saltlike, polymeric, or metal-like structure of the hydride: a. $\mathrm{NaH}$;
b. HF;
c. $\mathrm{HCl}$;
d. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_5$ :
e. $\mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{B}_3 \mathrm{H}_8{ }^{-}$;
f. $\mathrm{SnH}_4$;
g. $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{H}_4$;
h. $\mathrm{CuH}$;
i. $\mathrm{PuH}$;
j. $\mathrm{SiH}_4$;
k. $\mathrm{Si}_8 \mathrm{H}_{18}$ :
I. $\mathrm{B}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$;
m. $\mathrm{NaBH}_4$.

Ronald Prasad
Ronald Prasad
Numerade Educator
02:39

Problem 4

Write three equations showing reasonable examples of three hydrides showing each of the following kinds of behavior: a. proton-donating acidity; b. proton-accepting basicity; c. electron-pair-accepting acidity; d. electronpair-donating basicity (other than proton accepting); e. spontaneous flammability; f. decomposition by water; g. reducing ability.

Aadit Sharma
Aadit Sharma
Numerade Educator
01:57

Problem 5

Rank each of the following series in order of increasing proton-donating acidity: a. $\mathrm{HF}, \mathrm{HCl}, \mathrm{HBr}, \mathrm{HI}$;
b. $\mathrm{SiH}_4, \mathrm{PH}_3, \mathrm{SH}_2, \mathrm{ClH}$;
c. $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{SH}_2\right)_6\right]^{3-} \cdot\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_6\right]^{3+} \cdot\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{OH}_2\right)_6\right]^{3+}$ :
d. $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{H}_6{ }^{2+}, \mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{H}_4, \mathrm{~N}_2 \mathrm{H}_5{ }^{+}$.

David Collins
David Collins
Numerade Educator
06:45

Problem 6

Rank each of the following series in order of increasing proton-accepting basicity: a. $\mathrm{CH}_4, \mathrm{NH}_3, \mathrm{AsH}_3, \mathrm{PH}_3$;
b. $\mathrm{NH}_3, \mathrm{NH}_2 \mathrm{OH}, \mathrm{NH}_2 \mathrm{NH}_2$.

Chloe Schroeder
Chloe Schroeder
Numerade Educator
01:40

Problem 7

Only one of the hydrides discussed in this chapter shows any marked properties as an oxidizing agent. Which one is this likely to be?

Sima Sarker
Sima Sarker
Numerade Educator
03:53

Problem 8

Complete and balance an equation showing a reasonable synthesis of each of the following: a. $\mathrm{LiAlH}_4$;
b. $\mathrm{HF}$ :
c. $\mathrm{NH}_3$;
d. $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{H}_4$;
e. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_3$;
f. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{~S}_5$ :
g. $\mathrm{Si}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$;
h. $\mathrm{B}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$;
i. $\mathrm{NaBH}_4$
j. $\mathrm{AsH}_3$;
k. $\mathrm{SnH}_4$;
1. $\mathrm{PH}_3$;
m. $\mathrm{B}_4 \mathrm{H}_{10}$;
n. $\mathrm{UH}_3$;
o. $\mathrm{TiH}_2$.

Mahendra K
Mahendra K
Numerade Educator
06:14

Problem 9

Name each of the hydrides in the previous question.

Sara Ross
Sara Ross
Numerade Educator
00:41

Problem 10

Write the formulas of the following hydrides: a. bismuthine; b. stibine;
c. plumbane;
d. hydrazine;
e. hydroxylamine;
f. nonaborane-15;
g. pentagermane;
h. diborane.

Nicole Smina
Nicole Smina
Numerade Educator
03:07

Problem 11

Classify each of the following boranes or boron hydride anions as either closo-, nido-, or arachno-, and tell what that implies about their structures:
a. $\mathrm{B}_7 \mathrm{H}_7{ }^{2-}$;
b. $\mathrm{B}_4 \mathrm{H}_{15:}$
c. $\mathrm{B}_3 \mathrm{H}_8$;
d. $\mathrm{B}_2 \mathrm{H}_6$;
e. $\mathrm{B}_6 \mathrm{H}_{10}$ i
f. $\mathrm{B}_6 \mathrm{H}_{12}$ :
g. $\mathrm{B}_5 \mathrm{H}_8$

VS
Vivek Singh
Numerade Educator
04:43

Problem 12

Assign oxidation numbers to the central or metal atom in the following compounds: a. $\mathrm{FH}$;
b. $\mathrm{AsH}_3$ :
c. $\mathrm{N}_2 \mathrm{H}_4$;
d. $\mathrm{NH}_2 \mathrm{OH}_{\text {; }}$
e. $\mathrm{CH}_4$ :
f. $\mathrm{MgH}_2$;
g. $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}_2$;
h. $\mathrm{BiPh}_3$;
i. $\mathrm{BiPh}_5$ j. $(\mathrm{MeP})_5$;
k. $\mathrm{Me}_4 \mathrm{Bi}_2$;
I. $\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5 \mathrm{Mn}(\mathrm{CO})_3$;
m. $\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6 \mathrm{Cr}(\mathrm{CO})_3$;
n. $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6\right)_2\right]^{+}$;
o. $\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CO})_5^{+}$;
p. $\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CO})_4^{-}$;
q. $\left[\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_2\right]^{+}$;
r. $\mathrm{MnCl}(\mathrm{CO})_5$.

Sima Sarker
Sima Sarker
Numerade Educator
04:06

Problem 13

Name each of the compounds in the previous question (except for (j)).

Nicole Krahulik
Nicole Krahulik
Numerade Educator
00:43

Problem 14

Write the formulas of the following compounds: a. germane;
b. digermane;
c. hexamethyldialane;
d. dodecamethylcyclohexasilane
(cyclo- means a ring compound);
e. triphenylstibine;
f. tetraphenylbismuthonium tetracarbonylferrate(-II):
g. cobalt pentacarbonyl cation;
h. ruthenocene;
i. rhodicinium ion;
j. diosmium nonacarbonyl;
k. benzene(cyclopentadienyl)iron(I)
tetrachloroaluminate

Bhumika Jayee
Bhumika Jayee
Numerade Educator
01:40

Problem 15

Classify the following carbides as saltlike, metal-like, or polymeric covalent, and give their likely reaction products with water (if any): a. $\mathrm{B}_4 \mathrm{C}$ :
b. $\mathrm{Al}_4 \mathrm{C}_3$ :
c. $\mathrm{Li}_4 \mathrm{C}_3$ :
d. $\mathrm{Li}_2 \mathrm{C}_2$ :
e. $\mathrm{Fe}_3 \mathrm{C}$ :
f. WC.

Aadit Sharma
Aadit Sharma
Numerade Educator
09:26

Problem 16

From each pair of compounds given, pick the one that will be most stable (thermally and/or to oxidation) and explain why: a. $\mathrm{Si}_3 \mathrm{H}_8$ or $\mathrm{Si}_3 \mathrm{Me}_8$;
b. AsMe $\mathrm{M}_3$ or $\mathrm{AsPh}_3$;
c. $\mathrm{GeMe}_4$ or $\mathrm{AsMe}_3$;
d. $\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CMe}_3\right)_4$ or $\mathrm{CrMe}_4 ; \quad$ e. $\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_2$ or $\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_2$ f. $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{Me}_6$ or $\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{Ph}_6$ : g. $\mathrm{PbH}_4$ or $\mathrm{PbMe}_4$;
h. $\mathrm{FeMe}_5$ or $\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CO})_5$;
i. $\mathrm{SbMe}_5$ or $\mathrm{Sb}(\mathrm{CO})_5$.

Matthew Bittner
Matthew Bittner
Numerade Educator
16:41

Problem 17

Give the chemical formula of: a. a gaseous Group 13/IIIA methyl compound; b. a cyclic catenated Group 14/IVA methyl compound; c. a cyclic catenated Group 15/VA methyl compound; d. a solid Group 16/ VIA methyl or phenyl compound; e. a covalent methyl compound that has fewer than eight valence electrons about the central atom; $\mathbf{f}$. a covalent methyl compound that has more than cight valence electrons about the central atom; $\mathbf{g}$. any polymeric covalent methyl compound; $\mathbf{h}$. any ionic methyl compound.

Iryna Ivaniuk
Iryna Ivaniuk
Numerade Educator
04:49

Problem 18

Complete the following equations to show the products expected (if any) from (Lewis) acid-base reactions of the following pairs of substances:
a. $\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{Tl}+\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{As}$;
b. $\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{Tl}+\mathrm{Me}_4 \mathrm{Sn}$;
c. $\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{Tl}+\mathrm{Me}_2 \mathrm{Se}$;
d. $\mathrm{Me}_6 \mathrm{Al}_2+\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{O}$;
e. $\mathrm{Me}_6 \mathrm{Al}_2+\mathrm{Me}_2 \mathrm{O}$;
f. $\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{As}+\mathrm{MeI}$;
g. $\mathrm{MeLi}+\mathrm{Me}_4 \mathrm{~Pb}$;
h. $\mathrm{MeLi}+\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{In}$;
i. $\mathrm{Me}_5 \mathrm{As}+\mathrm{Me}_3 \mathrm{Ga}$;
j. $\mathrm{MeLi}+\mathrm{HgCl}_2$.

Aadit Sharma
Aadit Sharma
Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Give reasonable syntheses of the following organometallic compounds:
a. $\mathrm{MeMgI}$;
b. MeK;
c. ether-free $\mathrm{Me}_2 \mathrm{Mg}$;
d. $\mathrm{Me}_2 \mathrm{SiCl}_2$;
e. $\left(\mathrm{C}_2 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_3 \mathrm{~B} ; \quad$ f. $\mathrm{Me}_6 \mathrm{Al}_2$;
g. $\mathrm{Me}_6 \mathrm{Si}_2$;
h. $\mathrm{Nb}(\mathrm{CO})_6^{-}$;
i. Fe(CO) j. $\mathrm{CO}_2(\mathrm{CO})_4$ :
k. $\mathrm{O}_5\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_2$ :
I. Ti $\left(\mathrm{C}, \mathrm{H}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{Cl}_2$ :
m. Mo( $\left.\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6\right)_2$.

Check back soon!
01:36

Problem 20

Give an example of a water-soluble and a water-insoluble salt for each of the following cations and anions; explain your choices:
a. $\mathrm{Ph}_4 \mathrm{P}^{\prime}$ :
b. $\mathrm{Ph}_4 \mathrm{~B}$ :
c. $\left[\mathrm{Co}\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_2\right]^{+}$:
e. $\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CO})_4$ :
f. $\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{CO})_5^{+}$:
g. $\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CO})_4^2$
h. Explain the role of the $\mathrm{MeO}\left(\mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{CH}_2 \mathrm{O}\right)_2 \mathrm{Me}$ in equation (10.45).

David Collins
David Collins
Numerade Educator
02:07

Problem 21

Which of the following organometallic species are and which are not 18 electron species? a. $\mathrm{Pd}(\mathrm{CO})_4$;
b. $\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{PPh}_3\right)_4$;
c. $\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{PPh}_3\right)_3$;
d. $\mathrm{Fe}(\mathrm{CO})_4^{2-}$ :
e. $\mathrm{Fe}_2(\mathrm{CO})_9$;
f. $\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{PPh}_3\right)_2 \mathrm{Cl}_2$;
g. $\mathrm{Ni}\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right)_2$;
h. $\mathrm{Fe}\left(\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_6\right)_2$;
i. $\mathrm{PdCl}_2(\mathrm{CO})_2$;
j. $\left[\mathrm{PtMe}_6\right]^{2-}$.

Karan Deep
Karan Deep
Numerade Educator
04:57

Problem 22

Predict the formulas of the: $\mathbf{a}$. simplest neutral carbonyl of $\mathrm{Rh}$; b. simplest carbonyl anion of $\mathrm{Cr}$; c. simplest carbonyl halide of $\mathrm{Fe}$; d. cyclopentadienyl carbonyl of Co; e. most stable sandwich species $\left(\mathrm{C}_5 \mathrm{H}_5\right.$ rings ) for $\mathrm{Ir} ; \mathbf{f}$. most stable sandwich species (benzene rings) for $\mathrm{Mn}$.

VS
Vivek Singh
Numerade Educator
02:43

Problem 23

In principle, what metals should form the most stable neutral sandwich molecules employing: a. two benzene rings; b. two cyclopentadienyl rings; c. one benzene and one cyclopentadienyl ring; d. two cyclobutadiene rings; e. one tropylium and one benzene ring; $\mathbf{f}$. one cyclopropenium and one cyclopentadienide ring?

Anand Jangid
Anand Jangid
Numerade Educator
02:03

Problem 24

a. How many two-electron-donor ligands and what valence-electron configuration of metal ion are necessary in order to have a square planar 16-electron $d$-block organometallic compound? $\mathbf{b}$. List all the qualifying $d$-block neutral metal atoms; +1 ions; +2 ions; +3 ions. c. Write the formulas of the square planar carbonyl chlorides of these elements and ions.

Karan Deep
Karan Deep
Numerade Educator