Human Biology. Concepts and Current Issues

Johnson M.

Chapter 9

The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

In which of the following ways are bacterial cells similar to human cells?
a. Bacterial cells have cell walls.
b. Bacterial cells have a single, circular chromosome.
c. Bacterial cells use ATP to fuel cellular activities.
d. Bacterial cells lack mitochondria.

Joanna Quigley

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Which of the following statements about viruses is true?
a. Viruses require a host cell in which to reproduce.
b. Viruses are very small bacteria.
c. Viral infections can generally be controlled with antibiotics.
d. Viruses are composed of protein only.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Which of the following pathogenic agents causes a self-propagating misfolding of proteins in nerve cells?
a. bacteria
b. prions
c. viruses
d. helminths (worms)

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Consider the following group of diseases: hepatitis, chicken pox, warts, and measles. What do these diseases have in common?
a. They are all caused by bacteria.
b. They are readily treated with antibiotics.
c. They are all caused by viruses.
d. They are very common in patients infected with HIV.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Which of the following is true regarding prion diseases?
a. They are caused by a deadly type of virus.
b. They can readily be treated with antibiotics.
c. They can be prevented by vaccinations.
d. They cause accumulation of misfolded proteins in brain cells.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Which of the following is a benefit of resident bacteria?
a. Resident bacteria cause the stomach to be acidic.
b. Resident bacteria produce antiviral compounds that prevent viral infections.
c. Resident bacteria can out-compete harmful bacteria and lower the incidence of infection.
d. Resident bacteria digest cellulose within the human digestive tract.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

DiGeorge syndrome is a congenital disease that results in a poorly developed, non-functioning thymus gland. Which of the following would be a likely problem experienced by a baby with DiGeorge syndrome?
a. lack of B cells
b. lack of antibodies
c. lack of $\mathrm{T}$ cells
d. lack of macrophages

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

The following are steps in phagocytosis: (1) Bacterium is digested by lysosomal enzymes, (2) phagocyte approaches bacterium, (3) phagocytic vesicle fuses with lysosome, and (4) phagocyte engulfs bacterium, forming a phagocytic veside. In which order do these steps occur?
a. $4-2-3-1$
b. $2-4-3-1$
c. $2-3-4-1$
d. $4-1-3-2$

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

In which of the following choices is the cell correctly matched with its function?
a. eosinophil: produces antibodies
b. B lymphocyte: directly attacks foreign cells
c. basophil: secretes histamine
d. T lymphocyte: phagocytizes bacteria

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Each of the following processes helps combat infection except:
a. inflammation
b. fever
c. autoimmunity
d. antibody production

Hunza Gilgit

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

The primary immune response is:
a. faster than the secondary immune response
b. longer lasting than the secondary immune response
c. less effective than the secondary immune response
d. due to the presence of memory cells

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Compared to active immunization, passive immunization:
a. provides immediate protection
b. is longer lasting
c. creates a large number of memory cells
d. may occasionally cause the disease it is intended to prevent

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

Which of the following increases the likelihood of successful organ transplant?
a. matching the $\mathrm{ABO}$ blood group antigens
b. matching the MHC tissue antigens
c. administration of immunosuppressive drugs
d. all of these choices

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Which of the following does not belong with the others?
a. lupus erythematosus
b. rheumatoid arthritis
c. anaphylactic shock
d. Type I diabetes mellitus

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Which of the following statements about HIV is true?
a. Latex condoms are $100 \%$ effective in blocking transmission of HIV.
b. Most individuals who progress to Phase 11 of HIV infection remain in Phase 11 and never progress to Phase III (AIDS).
c. HIV specifically impairs the cell-mediated immune response.
d. Anti-HIV medications such as AZT and maraviroc can cure HIV infection.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator