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Chapter Questions
Receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or PAMPS, are found in all but which type of organism?a. amoebasb. fruit fliesc. humansd. plants
Which of these are examples of pathogen-associated molecular patterns?a. bacterial cell wall componentsb. double-stranded viral RNAc. fungal cell wall componentsd. All of these are correct.
True adaptive immunity, involving the production of a large number of diverse antigen receptors, first evolved ina. amphibians.b. invertebrates.c. jawed vertebrates.d. mammals.
Like veins, lymphatic vesselsa. have thick walls of smooth muscle.b. contain valves for a one-way flow of fluids.c. empty directly into the heart.d. receive fluids directly from capillaries.
Which of these is a primary lymphoid organ?a. lymph nodesb. spleenc. thymusd. tonsils
B cells mature withina. the lymph nodes.b. the spleen.c. the thymus.d. the bone marrow.
The organ that contains red pulp, which filters the blood, and white pulp, where lymphocytes respond to antigens in the blood, is thea. bone marrow.b. lymph node.c. spleen.d. thymus.
Which of the following is an innate defense against pathogens?$$\begin{array}{ll}{\text { a. skin }} & {\text { d. interferons }} \\ {\text { b. gastric juice }} & {\text { e. All of these are correct. }} \\ {\text { c. complement }}\end{array}$$
Which cell is not a phagocyte?$$\begin{array}{ll}{\text { a. neutrophil }} & {\text { c. dendritic cell }} \\ {\text { b. lymphocyte }} & {\text { d. macrophage }}\end{array}$$
Natural killer cellsa. are known for attacking large parasites, such as tapeworms.b. engulf pathogens and present antigens to T cells.c. recognize the absence of MHC-I molecules on a cell surface.d. produce antibodies
Complementa. is an innate defense mechanism.b. is involved in the inflammatory response.c. is a series of proteins present in the plasma.d. plays a role in destroying bacteria.e. All of these are correct.
The clonal selection theory says thata. an antigen selects certain B cells and suppresses them.b. an antigen stimulates the multiplication of B cells that produce antibodies against it.c. T cells select those B cells that should produce antibodies, regardless of the antigens present.d. T cells suppress all B cells except the ones that should multiply and divide.e. Both b and c are correct
Plasma cells area. the same as memory cells.b. formed from blood plasma.c. B cells that are actively secreting antibody.d. inactive T cells carried in the plasma
For questions 14–17, note the antibody class described (IgA, IgE, IgG, or IgM).The major class of antibody found in the blood
For questions 14–17, note the antibody class described (IgA, IgE, IgG, or IgM).The first class of antibodies produced
For questions 14–17, note the antibody class described (IgA, IgE, IgG, or IgM).The major class secreted in milk, tears, and saliva
For questions 14–17, note the antibody class described (IgA, IgE, IgG, or IgM).The class that is mostly bound to eosinophils and mast cells
Which of these statements pertain(s) to T cells?a. They have specific receptors.b. They recognize antigen presented by MHC proteins.c. They are responsible for cell-mediated immunity.d. They stimulate antibody production by B cells.e. All of these are correct
Active immunity can be produced bya. having a disease.b. receiving a vaccine.c. receiving gamma globulin injections.d. Both a and b are correct.e. Both b and c are correct
A child with severe combined immunodeficiency will have low or absent amounts ofa. antibodies.b. $B$ cells.c. cell-mediated immunity.d. T cells.e. All of these are correct.
Immediate hypersensitivity occurs after an allergen combines witha. IgG antibodies.b. IgE antibodies.c. lgM antibodies.d. IgA antibodies.
A positive skin test for tuberculosis is mediated mainly bya. histamine.b. IgE antibodies.c. memory T cells.d. neutrophils.
Which condition is not an autoimmune disease?a. multiple sclerosisb. rheumatoid arthritisc. systemic lupuserythematosisd. transplant rejection