Chapter Questions
Explain the relationship between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
Distinguish between neurons and neuroglial cells
Describe the generalized structure of a neuron and explain the functions of its parts.
Distinguish between myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers.
Describe how an injured nerve fiber may regenerate.
Discuss the functions of each type of neuroglial cell.
Explain how a membrane may become polarized.
List the changes that occur during an action potential.
Explain how action potentials are related to nerve impulses.
Define refractory period
Define saltatory conduction.
Explain how a deficiency of calcium affects nerve impulse conduction.
Define synapse.
Explain how a nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another.
Distinguish between excitatory and inhibitory actions of neurotransmitters
Explain how neurons can be classified on the basis of their structure.
Explain how neurons can be classified on the basis of their function
Distinguish between sensory, motor, and mixed nerves.
Define reflex:
Describe a reflex arc that consists of two neurons
Explain how tests of reflex actions can be used to evaluate the condition of the nervous system.
Name the layers of the meninges and explain their functions.
Describe the structure of the spinal cord
Name the major ascending and descending tracts of the spinal cord and list the functions of each.
Name the three major portions of the brain and describe the general functions of each.
Describe the general structure of the cerebrum.
Define cerebral cortex and basal ganglia.
Describe the location of the motor, sensory, and association areas of the cerebral cortex and describe the general functions of each.
Describe the location of the ventricles of the brain.
Explain how cerebrospinal fluid is produced and how it functions.
Name the parts of the diencephalon and describe the general functions of each.
Define the limbic system and explain its functions.
Name the parts of the midbrain and describe the general functions of each.
Describe the pons and its functions.
Describe the medulla oblongata and its functions.
Describe the functions of the cerebellum.
Distinguish between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
Name, locate, and describe the major functions of each pair of cranial nerves.
Explain how the spinal nerves are grouped and
Define cauda equina.
Describe the structure of a spinal nerve.
Define plexus and locate the major plexuses of the spinal nerves.
Distinguish between the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
Distinguish between a preganglionic and a postganglionic nerve fiber.
Trace a sympathetic nerve pathway.
Explain why the effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions differ.
Define biofeedback