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Human Biology Concepts and Current Issues

Michael D. Johnson

Chapter 15

The Urinary System - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

01:11

Problem 1

Homeostasis of body fluids is mainly maintained by the:
a. liver
c. kidneys
b. lungs
d. bladder

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01:25

Problem 2

Three of the choices below are organ systems directly involved in excretion of wastes. Which system is not directly involved in excretion but interconnects the other three?
a. urinary system
c. circulatory system
b. respiratory system
d. digestive system

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Joanna Quigley
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01:08

Problem 3

Which of the following organs are involved in the synthesis of active vitamin D?
a. heart and brain
b. pancreas and kidneys
c. liver and pancreas
d. skin, liver, and kidneys

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01:19

Problem 4

The nitrogenous wastes excreted by the kidneys are produced through the metabolism of:
a. carbohydrates
b. proteins
c. triglycerides
d. cholesterol

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Joanna Quigley
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01:17

Problem 5

Which of the following indicates the correct order of the structures through which urine would pass during formation and excretion?
a. nephron, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra
b. renal pelvis, ureter, nephron, urethra, bladder
C. nephron, renal pelvis, urethra, bladder, ureter
d. renal pelvis, nephron, ureter, bladder, urethra

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Joanna Quigley
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01:02

Problem 6

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its function?
a. urethra: transport of urine
b. nephron: production of urine
c. bladder: storage of urine
d. ureter: concentration of urine

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Joanna Quigley
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01:07

Problem 7

Protein is generally not found in the urine because:
a. It does not pass through the glomerular filter into the space within the glomerular capsule.
b. It is reabsorbed in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
c. It is reabsorbed within the collecting duct.
d. It is metabolized by the cells that line the nephron.

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01:26

Problem 8

Blood enters the glomerulus through the _______ and exits the glomerulus through the ___________.
a. efferent arteriole $\ldots$ afferent arteriole
b. efferent arteriole $\ldots$ distal tubule
c. proximal tubule $\ldots$ efferent arteriole
d. afferent arteriole $\ldots$ efferent arteriole

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01:11

Problem 9

A healthy person's glomerular filtrate contains:
a. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+$ hemoglobin
b. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+$ small solutes
c. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+$ large proteins
d. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}+$ blood cells

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Joanna Quigley
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01:27

Problem 10

Which of the following is most responsible for the production of the glomerular filtrate?
a. diffusion
b. active transport
c. glomerular capillary blood pressure
d. facilitated diffusion

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Joanna Quigley
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01:56

Problem 11

In tubular absorption, which of the following processes essentially drives all of the others?
a. active transport of $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ from the proximal tubular cell toward a capillary
b. facilitated transport of $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ from the tubular lumen into the proximal tubular cell
c. diffusion of water from the proximal tubular cell toward a capillary
d. diffusion of $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$ from the tubular lumen into the proximal tubular cell

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01:23

Problem 12

All of the following would happen if an individual was perspiring heavily and becoming dehydrated except:
a. ADH hormone would be secreted.
b. The kidneys would reabsorb more water.
c. The collecting ducts would become less permeable to water.
d. Less urine would be produced.

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01:37

Problem 13

How does ADH decrease the loss of water through the kidneys?
a. ADH increases water reaborption in the collecting ducts.
b. ADH decreases the amount of blood flowing through the kidneys.
c. ADH increases water reabsorption in the proximal tubule.
d. ADH decreases water excretion in the loop of Henle.

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02:17

Problem 14

ACE inhibitors decrease blood pressure by:
a. inhibiting the activity of $\mathrm{ADH}$
b. decreasing the amount of angiotensin II
c. altering the permeability of the renal tubules to water
d. inhibiting the activity of ANH

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01:13

Problem 15

UTIs, mostly caused by ________ are more common in ________ as their _____________ are short.
a. viruses $\ldots$ men $\ldots$ bladders
b. bacteria $\ldots$ women $\ldots$ urethras
c. bacteria $\ldots$ men $\ldots$ urethras
d. bacteria $\ldots$ women $\ldots$ ureters

Joanna Quigley
Joanna Quigley
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