Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
ISBN #9781119192107
4th Edition
689 Questions
Homework Questions
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes is a foundational text that systematically introduces the quantitative tools and concepts essential for chemical process engineering. It guides readers through the transformation of inputs into outputs, emphasizing the calculation of mass and energy balances, proper measurement techniques, and the interpretation of process variables such as pressure, temperature, and density. The book is structured to address both steady-state and transient conditions, covering topics from single-phase and multiphase systems to reactive processes and their energy implications. Overall, it weaves together theoretical principles and practical applications, providing a clear roadmap for accurate process design, analysis, and troubleshooting.
Chapter 2
Introduction to Engineering Calculations
Chapter 3
Processes and Process Variables
Chapter 4
Fundamentals of Material Balances
Chapter 5
Single-Phase Systems
Chapter 6
Multiphase Systems
Chapter 7
Energy and Energy Balances
Chapter 8
Balances on Nonreactive Processes
Chapter 9
Balances on Reactive Processes
Chapter 10
Balances on Transient Processes
Problem 1
The specific gravity of gasoline is approximately 0.70. (a) Estimate the mass (kg) of 50.0 liters of gasoline. (b) The mass flow rate of gasoline exiting a refinery tank is $1150 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}$. Estimate the volumetric flow rate in liters/s. (c) Estimate the average mass flow rate ( $\left(\mathrm{lb}_{\mathrm{m}} / \mathrm{min}\right)$ delivered by a gasoline pump. (d) Gasoline and kerosene (specific gravity $=0.82$ ) are blended to obtain a mixture with a specific gravity of 0.78. Calculate the volumetric ratio (volume of gasoline/volume of kerosene) of the two compounds in the mixture, assuming $V_{\text {blend }}=V_{\text {gasoline }}+V_{\text {kerosene. }}$
Niamat Khuda Numerade Educator
Problem 2
Ten mL of pure liquid water in a cylinder with a movable piston is heated at a constant pressure of 1 atm from an initial temperature of $80^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$. The temperature of the system is monitored, and the following behavior is observed:(a) What is happening in steps AB, BC, and CD? What is the temperature corresponding to the horizontal portion of the curve?(b) Estimate the volume occupied by the water at points $\mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$. (Assume the vapor follows the ideal-gas equation of state.)
Shazia Naz Numerade Educator
Problem 3
Liquid ethanol is pumped from a large storage tank through a 1 -inch ID pipe at a rate of 3.00 gal/min. (a) At what rate in (i) $\mathrm{ft} \cdot \mathrm{lb}_{\mathrm{f}} / \mathrm{s}$ and (ii) hp is kinetic energy being transported by the ethanol in the pipe? (b) The electrical power input to the pump transporting the ethanol must be greater than the amount you calculated in Part (a). What would you guess becomes of the additional energy? (There are several possible answers.)
Arun Bana Numerade Educator
Problem 4
Liquid benzene and liquid $n$ -hexane are blended to form a stream flowing at a rate of $1700 \mathrm{lb}_{\mathrm{m}} / \mathrm{h} . \mathrm{An}$ on-line densitometer (an instrument used to determine density) indicates that the stream has a density of $0.810 \mathrm{g} / \mathrm{mL} .$ Using specific gravities from Table B.1, estimate the mass and volumetric feed rates of the two hydrocarbons to the mixing vessel (in U.S. customary units). State at least two assumptions required to obtain the estimate from the recommended data.
Problem 5
Methanol is added to a storage tank at a rate of $1200 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{h}$ and is simultaneously withdrawn at a rate $\dot{m}_{w}(t)(\mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{h})$ that increases linearly with time. At $t=0$ the tank contains $750 \mathrm{kg}$ of the liquid and $\dot{m}_{w}=750 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{h} .$ Five hours later $\dot{m}_{\mathrm{w}}$ equals $1000 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{h}$ (a) Calculate an expression for $\dot{m}_{w}(t),$ letting $t=0$ signify the time at which $\dot{m}_{w}=750 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{h},$ and incorporate it into a differential methanol balance, letting $M(\mathrm{kg})$ be the mass of methanol in the tank at any time. (b) Integrate the balance equation to obtain an expression for $M(t)$ and check the solution two ways. (See Example 10.2-1.) For now, assume that the tank has an infinite capacity. (c) Calculate how long it will take for the mass of methanol in the tank to reach its maximum value, and calculate that value. Then calculate the time it will take to empty the tank. (d) Now suppose the tank volume is $3.40 \mathrm{m}^{3}$. Draw a plot of $M$ versus $t$, covering the period from $t=0$ to an hour after the tank is empty. Write expressions for $M(t)$ in each time range when the function changes.
Problem 6
Water enters a $2.00-\mathrm{m}^{3}$ tank at a rate of $6.00 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}$ and is withdrawn at a rate of $3.00 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{s}$. The tank is initially half full. (a) Is this process continuous, batch, or semibatch? Is it transient or steady state? (b) Write a mass balance for the process (see Example 4.2-1). Identify the terms of the general balance equation (Equation 4.2-1) present in your equation and state the reason for omitting any terms. (c) How long will the tank take to overflow?
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