Book cover for Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics

Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics

Philip M. Gerhart, Andrew L. Gerhart, John I. Hochstein

ISBN #9781119080701

8th Edition

1,309 Questions

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83,075 Students Helped

Homework Questions

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Summary
Learning Objectives
Key Concepts
Example Problems
Explanations
Common Mistakes

Summary

This section covers the foundational principles of fluid statics by exploring the calculation of pressure at various points within a fluid, pressure variation in both incompressible and compressible mediums, and the measurement of pressure using manometric devices. Detailed sections on hydrostatic forces, buoyancy based on Archimedes' principle, and fluid stability provide essential tools for solving real-world engineering challenges. A robust understanding of these concepts is crucial for applications ranging from dam design to the development of efficient pressure-measuring instruments.

Learning Objectives

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Key Concepts

CONCEPT

DEFINITION

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Example Problems

Example 1

Obtain a photographimage of a situation in which the fact that in a static fluid the pressure increases with depth is important. Print this photo and write a brief paragraph that describes the situation involved.

Example 2

The deepest known spot in the oceans is the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench of the Pacific Ocean and is approximately $11,000 \mathrm{m}$ below the surface. Assume that the salt water density is constant at $1025 \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$ and determine the pressure at this depth.

Example 3

A closed tank is partially filled with glycerin. If the air pressure in the tank is 6 lb/in $^{2}$ and the depth of glycerin is $10 \mathrm{ft}$, what is the pressure in $1 \mathrm{b} / \mathrm{ft}^{2}$ at the bottom of the $\tan \mathrm{k} ?$

Example 4

A 3 -m-diameter vertical cylindrical tank is filled with water to a depth of $11 \mathrm{m} .$ The rest of the tank is filled with air at atmospheric pressure. What is the absolute pressure at the bottom of the tank?

Example 5

Blood pressure is usually given as a ratio of the maximum pressure (systolic pressure) to the minimum pressure (diastolic pressure). As shown in Video $\mathrm{V} 2.3,$ such pressures are commonly measured with a mercury manometer, A typical value for this ratio for a human would be $120 / 70,$ where the pressures are in $\mathrm{mm} \mathrm{Hg}$ (a) What would these pressures be in pascals? (b) If your car tire was inflated to $120 \mathrm{mm}$ Hg, would it be sufficient for normal driving?
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Step-by-Step Explanations

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Common Mistakes

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