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So in the previous videos we've talked about medals, non metals and metal Lloyds, and so in the metal category, there are also specific types of metals. So we have our alkali metals, which are medals in Group One, and we also have. They all go on earth metals which are group too. And we also have our transition metals, which is in the D block of the periodic table, as well as the Atlanta nods and the active. And so, if this video will be talking about Group One, which are the alkali metals and so alkaline metals are basically medals in Group one, excluding hydrogen. So basically, uh, Livia sodium, potassium rubidium and cesium ransom has electrons in higher energy levels, and so in some cases it may not share the same properties. Um, but generally we think of lithium sodium, potassium, everybody, um, under the category of alkali box. So alkali metals, like any other metal, are good conductors of heat and electricity. And again, this makes a lot of sense because specifically for the alkali metals, they have some configuration of on asked one. And so there is a single electron in the atomic orbital and so thes types of metals and to lose this electron thio, achieve the noble gas configuration. And so these will make cannons. And so this follows theological Ron C. Model in the sense that it does not have a strong interaction with the single found electron. And so this allows for these electrons to move very freely, and so that results in it being a good conductor, uh, heat and electricity. And like the other metals, it is also malleable. So it's easy for it to change warm without breaking it, and it is also ductal. And as for the oxidation state, typically things will have an oxidation stage of plus one, which makes sense because it tends to lose an electron and make account on, and thus this is usually waas. And because these metals have a single electron in the atomic orbital, this means that it has a relatively small first ionization energy because it does not require a lot of energy to remove this electron from the orbital, since it is partially filled and again, if you lose it, it actually creates a more stable electron configuration, and so that is really walk. It has a first has a small first ionization energy. And after you remove this one electron, that's when you see the spike in ionization energy because you're removing an electron from a completely filled atomic orbital, which is already very stable. And so Beavers Organization energy is well and you have a big increase, Dr Little, the first electron. And additionally, because it can easily lose the electron from the S Atomic Corporal, this means that it is a very strong reducing agent which basically means that it can be easily oxidized. And so it will readily donate this electron thio, reduce another species, and an example of this is any kind of alkaline metal plus water. And so if you have some generic metal reacting with water, you end up creating some kind of salt with water as well as hydrogen gas, which is actually something that we've seen before. And so for this reaction, this is highly exo, thermic. And if we look at this in terms of how the electrons move, we see that the middle has in oxidation say that zero and here we have an oxidation 80 plus one, while hydrogen zero and hygiene here is plus one. And so you can see that here the metal is losing an electron, and the hydrogen is gaining an electron and deviancy that in this example the metal acts as a reducing agent and personally. Another important property is that it will make weak metallic morning. And this is mainly because these tend to be low valence atoms, mainly because there's only a single valence electron in the highest energy level. And so these, uh, weak interactions with other species. So, for example, um, sodium chloride can easily dissociate into any plus and C l plus on C l minus because thes interactions are very weak and so it doesn't take a lot of energy. Thio break the bond between the sodium and the cord, and something that we've seen previously is that these also tend to create salts. And some examples would be sodium chloride with the, um, chloride assassin chloride and so on. And so, um, and make salt with the nominal that we've seen in our previous videos. And so these are the general characteristics of alkaline metals, or which are largely because of the fact that it has a single valence electron in the ass. Atomic orbital
Chemical Bonding
Molecular Geometry
Gases
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