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Kevin Chimex
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so in car addressed to puddles. We also have elements that are classified as non metals, and nine miles actually don't make up much of the periodic table. And so non metals include hydrogen, which I didn't specify in the last video. But hydrogen, um, technically is a metal because it is in group one, but it actually acts more like a nonmetal on DSO. We can actually think of hydrogen as part of the nonmetal category then. So we also have everything here, so noble gasses are a bit different, uh, from the other i metals. But we can also include these here. And boron is actually not a nonmetal bombs. Actually, my lord. So the non middle section actually starts with carbon and we can draw those here. And so my metals can be thought of as all of the elements in the right section corner of the periodic table. And so not medals actually tend to make an ions which are different from metals that actually make candles. And so this includes things like oxygen, which will create an oxide nitrogen will create night tribes which are actually very unstable, so they actually don't exist by itself. Um and we also have a chloride and sulfide and so on. So again, non metals tend to make and ads which make a lot of sense, because if you look at the electron configuration of these non metals, you will see that since it has a partially filled Pete atomic orbital, this means that to gain you know what that's configuration trans must be gained to achieve this stable configuration on DSO. That's mainly why you can imagine that thes elements tend to make an ions, and another important property is that they have hi ionization energies which are the opposite of medals. And this is mainly because, as you go toward the right side of the periodic table, there is a higher number of protons in the nucleus on DSO because there are more protons in the nucleus. The force that the protons exerts on the electrons are pretty strong, and if you introduce an electron within the vicinity of the item, it is likely that because the proton forests is so strong on the electrons, it can actually grab another electron from an external source and combined with the fact that it can possibly make the noble gas configuration. This means that it has a high electron affinity, which is the opposite of the organization energy. Um, and so that means that it is less likely for these types of element to lose an electron because it is so close to the noble gas configuration. So if you were to remove it, this actually makes the element last stable. And so that's another reason why it has a high ionization energy and in terms of physical properties, these are also very different from medals in sense, that these tend to be brutal and they are also poor conductors. Well, heat and electricity, which makes a lot of sense because my medals have a high ionization energy. And so it is difficult to remove an electron from this element. And so that means, because there is less movement of electrons or the ease at which electrons can move in non metals. This means that they are poor conductors of electricity and heat, which is different from the case of mouth. And another important thing to note is that non metals can be any kind of phase, so it can be a gas liquid or solid, and so for a couple examples. We have things like carbon, which can be graphite, which is a solid or diamond which is also a solid. And we also have things like oxygen gas, which is gas. And we have things like silver, which exists as sulfur eight. And this is a yellow solid. And in terms off the element that produced a diatonic molecule thes include things like hydrogen gas, my Children gas, oxygen guys, Chlorine gas, chlorine glass, chlorine gas grooming gas. Yeah, I'd on dso of the nominal they use will make the atomic molecules, um, at STP and again, um, going back Thio the fact that not models have high ionization energies they are also very electro negative because again, they want Thio take electrons so that they can achieve the noble gas configuration which is very stable and additionally, again like the previous video, we know that if we have a metal bond into a nominal, this will create an ionic compound, except when you have a non mental bonded thio, another nonmetal, this will create a covalin compound. And so when we start talking about bonding between Adams, we can classify the type of bond based on whether or not they share or no need electrons, which again will learn a bit later. But essentially, when you have a non metal and nonmetal bounded together, it produces a covalin bond, whereas if you have to with different electro negativity ease. In this case, the non metal is much more Electra native than the middle, and so this will form an Ionic compound. And as a debrief in the last video, we also talked about metal metal bonding, and that is also kind of similar to Covalin bonding. But it is a different kind of bond, um, altogether. And so, um, when you have elements, different types and electro negativity ease, you can get a general sense of what kind of on they'll produce between each other and examples of prevailing bonds are a lot of the things that you've seen before. So things like water, his chameleon bonded as well stable sugar, berman gas and auction. Yes, and so these are the general characteristics of non metals, which actually don't make up Ah, hole section. So so not medals actually don't take up the whole piece of the periodic table, but they are very important in our daily lives, and especially for organic things like ourselves and animals and plants and things of that sort. And so, although nominal, make up a small portion of the periodic table, they're actually very important when we're trying to study life, since it is mainly made up of carbon, oxygen and hydrogen.
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