Exercises
(I)
Write the formulas and names of the ionic compounds that results from the combination of the following ions:
IONS
Formula NH4C1
Name sal ammoniac
1. Ammonium and chloride 2. Stannous and bromide 3. Sodium and hydroxide 4. Calcium and phosphate 5. Aluminum and sulfate 6. Potassium and acetate 7. Sodium and hypochlorite 8. Lead and nitride
SnBr2
Tin(II) fluoride
NaOH
lye
Ca3(PO4)2
Tricalcium phosphate
Al2(S04)3
alum
KC2H3O2
Potassium and acetate
NaClO
Sodium hypochloride
N2O6Pb
Lead II nitrate
9. Mercury(II) and dichromate 10. Lithium and bromate
HgCr2O7
Mercury(II) and dichromate Lithium and bromate
LiBrO3
(II)
Each of the following statements is a description of a chemical change. Identify the reactants and products then write the balanced chemical equation for each. Use the correct chemical formula for each compound.
1. An aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with a piece of magnesium metal to give off hydrogen gas and to form magnesium chloride in aqueous solution. Mg (s) + 2HCl(aq) -> MgCh(aq) + Ha (g)
2. An aqueous solution of calcium nitrate reacts with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to form an insoluble solid of calcium hydroxide and dissolved sodium nitrate. Ca(NO,)>(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -> Ca(OH),(s) + 2NaNO,(ag)
3. A scoop of ammonium carbonate is heated until ammonia, carbon dioxide and liquid water are release. (NH,)iCO;(s) -> 2NH,(g) + CO(g) + HON
4. An aqueous solution of silver nitrate reacts with an aqueous solution of potassium dichromate to give an insoluble orange solid silver dichromate and dissolved potassium nitrate. AgNO,(aq) + KiCr,O,(aq) -> AgiCr.O,(s) + KNO,(aq)
5. Aluminum looks dull because its surface reacts with oxygen in air to form a fine layer of white aluminum oxide. 4AI(s) + 30 (g) -> 2AL,O,(s)
6. A spark made hydrogen and oxygen react to form water.
2H; + 02-> 2H,0
7. An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide reacts with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form sodium chloride in solution and liquid water.
NaOH(aq) + HC1(aq) -> NaCI(aq) + H,O(0
8. Calcium hydroxide is the antacid in Tums. It reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in our stomach to form water and calcium chloride in solution.
Ca(OH), + 2HCI -> CaCh + 2H,0
9. A piece of steel wool (iron metal) reacts with an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate to give copper metal and dissolved iron(II) sulfate.
Fe(s) + CuSO, (aq) -> FeSO, (aq) + Cu(s)
10. A scoop of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (Epson salt) is heated until the solid becomes white magnesium sulfate anhydrous and condensed water vapors.
MgSO,: 7H,0-> MgSO,+7H,0
(Il) Balance the following chemical equations.
1. 2H2+O2G>2H2
S8+12O2->8SO3
3.
2Hg+O2->2HgO
4. Zn(s)+ 2HCI(aq) ZnCI2(aq)+ H2(g)
5. 2Na+2H2O >2NaOH+Hz
(I)OH + (B)OJ K(B)O + (3)8H 9
7. SizH3(I) + Oz(g)> SiOz(s)+ HzO(I
8. Fe(s)+ Oz(g)> FezO3(s)
9.2C?HsOz+15Oz >14COz+6H2O
10. 4Fe2S2+1102-->2Fe203+8S02
11.FezO3+ 3H2 > 2Fe + 3H2O
12.K(s) + Brz(I)> KBr(s)
13.2C2Hz+ 5Oz -> 4COz+ 2H2O
14. 2H202->O2+2H20
15. C7H16+11P2->7CO2+8H2
(IV)Add the coefficients of equations 3, 5 and 15:
3) 2; 2; 1
5) 2:2:2:1
15) 1;11;7;