LET'SGET STARTED
Chapter 1: A
Review of General Chemistry What's Covered? Lewis Dot Structures Constitutional Isomers Formal Charges Hybridization and VSEPR theory Polarity and Dipole Moments Intermolecular Forces
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Structural Theory of Matter Review: IV Bonding trends Tetravalent Trivalent Divalent -NE
Monovalent
XH
N
whereX=FCI,Br,or1 Oxygen generally Hydrogen and halogens orms two bonas generally form one bond.
=C
Carbon generally forms four bonds
Nitrogen generally forms three bonds
Lewis Dot Structure:
H
H
Condensed formula:C,HO
Partially condensed structure: CH-Q-CHC CHz-CH2-OH
1.
Structural Theory of Matter Constitutional isomers: Compounds that have the same molecular formula different connectivity between atoms. Constitutional isomers also have different physical properties and names.
Condensed formula: C,HgO
Constitutional isomers:
H Arcohal Ethanol Boiling point =78.4C
Dimethyl ether
Boiling point=-23C
Try it On Your Own!
1. Draw all of the constitutional isomers for the formula C4H1o and CzHgCl2
* CuHO CH3-CH-CH-CH3 CH-CH-CH CH3
iSomexs
2
Answer: Try it On Your Own!
Draw all of the constitutional isomers for the formu|a C4H1o and CzHgCI2 C=3 ZIHEJ * H= 6 h1a IJ
CH
CH3T .CI.
iSomers
Identifying Formal Charges
Review: Formal Charge: An atom that does not exhibit the appropriate number of valence electrons
NH4+ Hr
H
C
Transition Metal Elements
N:S-o-Y2(8)=+1
Formal charge Formula = # valence e - # lone pair e -- # bonding