Chapter 52 -
Franz Schubert (1797-1828) : A prolific composer of German lieder (art songs) . His songs involve texts from some of the greatest writers of his day Other works
o 9 symphonies, many piano sonatas, chamber music o "The Trout" - a song and a piano quintet o Symphony No. 8 - "Unfinished" o"Death and the Maiden" - a song and a string quartet o "Serenade" - a song and a piano piece o 7 masses o Over 600 art songs
Characteristics of Romantic Music
. Intense expressivity Closeness of music to literature . Presence of the personal voice of the composer . Individualism of expression : Expansion and reinterpretation of traditional forms Tendency toward extremes: brevity or length
Schubert's Life 1797 born in Vienna to family of a school teacher 1803 enters the choir of the court chapel in Vienna, studies later Antonio
Salieri 1815 composed "Erlkonig" 1820 modest operatic success with Die Zwillingsbruder . 1821 first Schubertiad . 1822 declining health
Schubert's Principal Compositions
Songs: over 600 for voice and piano including cucles o Die schone Mullerin
o Winterreise
: Piano: sonatas (many incomplete), dances, character pieces, fantasies . Chorus: masses, motets . Orchestra: symphonies (9) : Chamber music: string quartets, String Quintet in C
A Schubertiad In January 1821 Schubert's friend Franz von Schober convened a gathering of the composer's friends to hear his music periodically within Schubert's social circle and provided the composer with an opportunity to hear his music performed. A regular at the Schubertiads was the Viennese painter Moritz von Schwind, who forty years after Schubert's death recalled the Schubertiad depicted here. Schubert is at the piano accompanying Johann Michael Vogl in the performance of song.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Schubert's favorite poet for songwriting was the great German writer Goethe (1849-). Goethe's gifts went far beyond literature. He was a skillful painter and a noted scientist who wrote treatises on biology and optics. He made a name for himself in the 1770s as a playwright (his play Egmont was provided)
Chapter 53 - Music in Paris Under Louis Philippe: Berlioz and Chopin
The life of Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) 1803 o Born near Grenoble to the family of a doctor 1821
o Arrives in Paris to study medicine; changes to music
1830
o Completes Symphonie Fantastique, wins the Prix de Rome 1830s
0 Becomes a journalist, writes for several Parisian papers and journals
1840
o Composes the songs of Les nuits d'ete
1840s Tours Germany conducting his music 1869
o Dies in Paris
Principal Compositions of Hector Berlioz Orchestra: concert overtures, programmatic symphonies including: o Symphonie fantastique o Romeo and Juliet o Harold in Italy Operas: o Benvenuto Cellini o The Trojans o Beatrice et Benedict Chorus: o The Damnation of Faust o L'emfamce du Christ
How Orchestral Music tells the Story of Symphonie Fantastique Themes used to symbolize characters in the program Quotations of pre-existing music . Instruments used to suggest characters and situations Instruments imitate natural sounds Musical genre