Chapter 29- Early Baroque Music
What is Baroque? . Term used to describe art, architecture, and music of the 1600-1750 period
then used in jewelry and fine decoration.
Age of Absolutism Rulers of the time usually reigned absolute power meaning they had complete control of the place they ruled Baroque art, architecture, and music reflects and extends rulers absolute power
Characteristics of : Madrigal - most progressive genre of music in Europe. More forward-looking of the madrigal composers wrote experimental works that broke many of the established rules of counterpoint Monteverdi and his colleagues believed that music had the power to move the soul like ancient Greek music. O Doctrine of Affections
Vocal Expression and Virtuosity : Renaissance: vocal music was mostly ensemble music : Baroque: more solo performances
Harmonic Conception and the Basso Continuo : Renaissance: imitative counterpoint : Baroque:
Major & Minor Tonalities
Chapter 33 -
: Violin originated as an instrument that was used for dances & parties Monteverdi -- first composer to write consistently for the violin family
Stradivari instruments now sell for millions of dollars
Formation of the Baroque Orchestra Symphony orchestra started in 1700s & was a collection of instruments. Sacbutts, trumpets, harpsichords, and many others
: Second half of the 17th century that composers started to title pieces da chiesa and da camara
Corelli - first to use modern bowing & multiple stops
Chapter 34 - Baroque Music in Germany & Austria
Johann Froberger was born in Austria. He went on to study in Vlenna & was later allowed to leave and study in Rome with Girolamo Frescobaldi
Allemande
O Stately dance in 4/4 meter at a moderate tempo Courante
O Lively dance characterized by intentional metrical ambiguity created by hemiola-measures of two beats with triple subdivision 6/4 Sarabande O Slow, stately dance in 3/4 Gigue O Fast dance in 6/8 or 12/8 Minuet O Triple meter, moderate tempo Gavotte O Moderate tempo, duple meter, & four bar phrases Hornpipe O Derived from country jig O 3/2 or 2/4
Chapter 35 - Vocal Music in Paris
Marc-Antoine Charpentier : French composer Praised for his vocal music : First French composer to study in Italy (with Carissimi) : Also composed for small opera chambers : 11 masses, 84 psalm settings, 207 motets among other works
Michel-Richard de Lalande : French composer & organist Director of French chapel royal 1714-1726 Wrote 77 grand motets Wrote orchestral suites and ballets : Lully crushed his dreams of becoming a player in the Academy orchestra
Elizabeth Jacquet de la Guerre -Discovered by Louis XIV at 5 years old; singing harpsichord & singing prodigy
Chapter 36 - Instrumental Music in Paris
Lute related to the Arabic "ud
The Gaultiers: French Lute Music : Ennemond (1575-1651) & Denis (1597-) Tombeau - instrumental piece commemorating someone's death : Style brise - "broken style" broken chords (like arpeggios)
Couperins: French Harpsichord Music : Important dynasty of musicians Some worked under the reign of Louis XIV :Louis Couperin ((1626-1661) : L.