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Criminal Justice and Court System

Southern New Hampshire University CJ 207 Project One The Court System Relationship Among the Three Courts Checks and Balances Relationship of the Supremacy Clause and Federal Superiority Rule to the Courts We operate under a dual court In the United States if a The Supremacy clause allows system in the United States. conviction is made and the federal courts to preempt any The dual court system means offender doesn't like the state law even if it conflicts with that all 50 states have a outcome then he or she are the law. When this clause is put separate state and federal allowed to appeal to the next into effect it can require the court. Our court system is set higher level of court, even up to state to stop the law that up in a way that you could be the U.S. Supreme Courts. This is potentially may be conflicting charged by the state and called the appeal system. with the federal law. federal court if convicted of a crime. For both levels there is a trial and appellate. Functions and Responsibilities of Various Members Members Judge Functions Responsibilities A judge is the main decision maker in The judge is responsible for assuring a courtroom the laws are being followed and carried out properly in every case. Judges also read through court documents and may research legal issues. Judges issue search warrants and arrest warrants. Judges also set bail amounts for offenders as well as issue restraining orders Prosecutor A prosecutor decides who will be A prosecutor's responsibilities are to charged and what sort of charges will evaluate the strength of cases and be filed. participate in plea negations, help prepare arrest warrants, research and present cases. Defense Counsel A defense counsel ensures that a fair A defense counsel investigates the trial is given to the accused and serves case and interviews witnesses, builds as counsel for the accused. defense to come up with an effective case, drafts and files appeals, as well as interviews and selects juries. Allied ProfessionalsAllied professionals are interpreters An allied professional's responsibilities are to produce records of proceedings, provide interpretation for non-speaking English offenders, and call cases and set schedules Southern New Hampshire University Roles of Various Courts Local Appeals Courts State Appeals Courts Federal Appeals Special Courts or Courts Problem-Solving Courts This is where the State appeals review Motioned from the Lawyers are able to focus original hearing took individual decisions, Tower courts and on their legal specialty place but if the interpret and develop this is the final step. and nothing else, they offender feels there is the general application relieve the pressure on an error or such then it for future cases. the general courts as well. goes to the next highest court. Jurisdictions Military Courts Native American Courts Military courts were made to punish service Native American Courts were made to preside members only, they are not able to try civilians. over all legal matters that deals with Native American