Running Head: 5-3 Final Project Milestone Two: Population
5-3 Final Project Milestone Two: Population
Leah Baughman
IHP-330
Southern New Hampshire University
November 28, 2021
Running Head: 5-3 Final Project Milestone Two: Population
2
In 1998-1999 a case study was conducted on the residents of Trinidad and Tobago
This case study involved screening the occupants for different Salmonella infections,
including Typhimurium, Enteritidis, and other Salmonella infections. Some of the guidelines
recognized are age, food consumed, and the month of diagnosis. While this illness affected
the locals, it also affected the tourists, which became a public concern. When the numbers
started increasing rapidly, there was an immediate concern to determine who and what was
causing this illness to infect many people.
A social determinant is the population or society because they prepare the food that
the locals then consume. The following social determinant is location, which are the farms
where the food came from. Out of the ten farms, none had regular microbial surveillance of
their eggs that then were distributed to the residents (Stehr-Green, 2004, p.11). Of the ten
farms, six were considered unsanitary due to dirty egg belts, nesting boxes and poultry
houses, wet surfaces on most occasions, and rodents and flies (Stehr-Green, 2004, p.11). The
third social determinant is training because the farmers had no proper training on cleanliness.
Hence, hiring a professional to show and explain why it is crucial to adhere to safety
precautions is necessary. The Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Agriculture made further
efforts to prevent salmonella by adding additional measures to reduce the outbreak incidence
and avoid transmission throughout the population. They also work in the area to teach parents
and children about salmonella's value of hydration (Stehr-Green, 2004, Pg.12). Educating and
training the public is also just as important. Ensuring that the people are being taught what
they need to do to prevent getting a Salmonella infection is the first step. Once the
community recognizes the illness and avoids getting it, they will be more aware of adequately
handling and cooking their food.
One disparity was that the farmers that managed the farms did not follow appropriate
safety standards to guarantee that their animals were disease-free. There was a safety
Running Head: 5-3 Final Project Milestone Two: Population
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compromise with the handling of eggs when the eggs were laid and selling the eggs. Another
significant disparity is the length of time it takes to report a disease from the Caribbean.
According to the information, it took 56 days to report the problems to the CAREC. When it
takes that long for the cases to be reported, 100 or more issues could be diagnosed. Since the
farms and egg stands were unsanitary and not monitored, this meant more people were
exposed. The Ministry of Agriculture officials began developing protocols to recognize and
remove infected flocks from supplying eggs and increase quality assurance and sanitation
measures at the egg-producing farms to prevent salmonella from starting (Stehr-Green, 2004
Pg.12). They created a surveillance officer for