Leadership: Module 1 Notes
Chapter 1: Leading, Managing, and Following
Learning Outcomes
: Describe the evolution of the theoretical basis for leadership and management Evaluate leadership and management theories for appropriateness in health care today Trait Theories: self-awareness of traits o Style Theories: - Leaders need to get feedback from followers, superiors, & peers Employee-centered leaders= able to achieve effective work environments and productivity Situational-Contingency Theory Consider the challenge of a situation : Encourage an adaptive leadership style to complement the issue being faced Nurses must assess each situation & determine appropriate action based on the people involved Transformational Theories: Organizations are responsive to customer needs, morally and ethically whole, promote employee development and encourage self-management Characteristics= experiment with systems redesign, empower staff, create enthusiasm for practice, & promote learning of practice at the patient-side Hierarchy of Needs: Must be aware that the need for safety & security will override the opportunity to be creative and inventive o Two-Factor Theory: : Organizations need both hygiene & motivator factors to recruit and retain staff Hygiene factors don't create job satisfaction; they simply must be in place for work to be accomplished Motivator factors are used widely to inspire work Expectancy Theory: Likelihood of satisfying a particular need based on experience Nurses need to provide specific feedback about positive performance OB modification: Positive reinforcement to motivate followers to repeat valuable behaviors in the
workplace Extinction= purposefully ignoring negative behaviors Punishment= used sparingly because results are unpredictable in supporting the desired behavioral outcome
Compare and contrast the actions associated with leading, managing, and following
Core Principles in Leadership and the Coordination of Care
Communication Organization Delegation Supervision Critical Thinking Leadership Styles : Prioritization Legal Ethical : Safety
*The NCLEX is primarily concerned with you being a safe nurse, providing a basic level of care
*Questions revolve around delegation, prioritization, legal ethical, and safety
LEADERSHIP
The use of individual traits and abilities, in relationship with others, to interpret the environment/context where a situation is emerging and enter that situation without the use of predesigned plan Leadership is an important role at the top of every organization. A leader focuses on dealing with unknown situations. However, leadership is found at all levels even in your personal life. In
your clinical rotations look for those leaders, many of them will not have a title.
Formal leaders have a title (charge nurse, director) Informal leader fills in without having a title Traits: stay calm when there is a high stress situation and never let anything get to them
MANAGEMENT
Requires determining routines and practices that offer structure and stability to others o In comparison to leadership, management has a greater emphasis on following protocols and procedures. Managing can also refer to control of one's own individual work and energies o Using logistics, planning, and executing a new initiative
FOLLOWERSHIP
Each group member contributes optimally in tandem with other group members to achieve clinical or organization outcomes o Followership requires active engagement and preparation by a group