Module 6
Part 1: The "Classical Moment" and its Discontents, Socrates and Plato :Athens is defeated and in crisis Late 5th century, athenians added another temple o Athena Nike (victory) by Killikrates oVictories are represented by female figures w wings Nike (victory) monument by sculptor Paionios of Mende o Celebrated the victory by the messenians and the Naupactians over the spartans in 425 BCE o The figure is tilted from right to left and is leaning forward Reliefs of two maenads (followers of Dionysos), ecstatically dancing in honor of the god o Sometimes attributed to sculptor kallimachos o Dancing bc they're drunk and possessed by the god The death of pentheus, king of thebes, killed by his mother and the other maenads, from euripides' o 406 BCE % Painting of a scene in the play Play - ends by woman realizing she killed her own son Four "portraits" of socrates, the philosopher, died 399 BCE o They all show him as an older, bearded man with fairly large fleshy features, suggesting that he's not skinny facial features - similar to those who follow dionysos Made fun of for looking like an old drunk Death of socrates, image painting by J.L. David, ca 1787 CE (Metropolitan Museum) oBrought to trial in athens in 399 Invented gods of his own Corrupted men of athens o He called himself a philosopher o His rivals - sophists They claimed to have wisdom, but socrates claimed to love and seek it Socrates criticized sophists Symbol - something that stands for something else Allegory - complex connection of symbols to tell a story that operates on more than one level Socrates was made a comic figure in plays Followers of dionysos were made to seem old and heavy
Part 2: After the fall - art of the 4th c. BCE : Full sculpture and painting in the fourth century Artist look back to the past and make versions of what other artists have done Achilles in many paintings Rage of achilles Sculpture of men o Long legs Most famous sculpture Hermes and infant dionysos o By Praxiteles Most famous and copied statues is praxiteles' statue of Aphrodite o God of love and beauty The first nude female statue - scandal o Pose of her w her hand over vag Reconstruction of the lost "wonder of the world", the mausoleum at Halicarnassus erected as tomb of king mausolus 19 mins
Part 3: Alexander the Great and Hellenistic Art
Part 4: Laocoon and Sperlonga, from Hellenistic to