Biology 180 Practice Exam
Exam Work Group Member Names (up to 5 including yourself):
5 January 2023
1. In August of 2020, D. R. Boulware and colleagues published a research report in the New England Journal of Medicine. The scientists had studied ~800 volunteers who had no symptoms of illness, but who had recently been exposed, at home or at work, to someone infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19. They assigned the volunteers at random to two groups. One group received pills containing the drug hydroxycholoroquine; the other group got a placebo (pills containing no medicine). Two weeks later, the scientists tested the volunteers to see if they were infected with the virus. The graph summarizes the results. The black lines represent 1 standard error.
20 15 Percent with New Covid-19 10 a. In ONE sentence, what is the hypothesis the scientists sought to test with their experiment? Hydroxy- Placebo chloroquine group group
b. In ONE sentence, what is the null hypothesis?
c. In ONE sentence, what does a comparison of the heights of the two colored bars indicate?
d. In ONE sentence, what does a comparison of the standard error bars indicate?
e. The scientists report a p-value of 0.35. In ONE sentence, what does this mean?
f. In ONE sentence, what conclusions can we draw from the data and the analysis?
time. In TWO or THREE sentences, state whether you would / would not support a replication of this experiment, and justify your stance.
ssion.1
Session 2
Session3
Session4
234
234 78910 12131415
234
2345 678910 521145 7181920 Spaced(x2)
111231415 1617181920 Spaced(x2)
112131415
Testall 40 pairs.
Spaced(x2)
Spaced(x2)
2122232425 2627282930 Massed(x8) Massed(x8)
3132333435 Mussed(x8)
3637383940 (gripasso
2. The diagram above shows the design of an experiment by education researcher Nate Kornell. Across four consecutive days, student volunteers studied a total of 40 flash cards, each with a pair of words that were
and so on. Kornell refers to studying a card lightly each day "Spaced" studying; studying a card intensely on a single day is "Massed" studying. On the fifth day, the students took a test covering all 40 cards. Their average performance on the different groups of cards is graphed on the right. Address the following:
a. In ONE sentence, what is the pattern in the data as regards massed versus spaced studying?
0.8
Massed
Spaced
908 0.5 0.4 80.3 0.2
b. Many students wait until the night before an exam, when they study intensely. Which TWO bars represent the best analogy to a comparison between cramming the night before an exam versus studying a little bit each day during the week before the exam?
c. In ONE sentence, what is the take-home message for a student wanting to do well on exams in Biol 180?
1 23 4 Initial Study Session
3. Hormones called angiogenesis inhibitors (here, Al's) slow the rate at which blood vessels grow into tissues. A tumor is a growing lump of tissue. It cannot grow beyond a certain size unles