November 22, 2023 University of the People Department of Computer Science CS 2301 - Operating Systems 1 Instructor: Damian Kravets
1. Part One An operating system (OS) serves as the central software that oversees computer hardware and software resources, enabling users to interact with their devices and run applications. The development of a functional OS relies on several fundamental principles that ensure efficient and reliable operation. 1. Abstraction Abstraction is the process of simplifying complex details and providing a standardized interface for users and applications (Franklin & Pollette, 2021). Within an OS, abstraction conceals the intricate workings of hardware components, allowing applications to interact through well-defined interfaces. This abstraction layer facilitates the development of hardware-independent software, promoting portability and compatibility across diverse hardware configurations. 2. Concurrency Concurrency allows the OS to handle multiple tasks simultaneously, ensuring efficient utilization of system resources and improving overall performance (GCFGlobal, n.d.). Through techniques like multitasking, multiprocessing, and multithreading, the OS enables multiple processes to execute concurrently, ensuring each task receives a fair share of available resources. This is particularly crucial in modern computing environments where users frequently run multiple applications simultaneously. 3. Protection Protection mechanisms safeguard the OS and its resources from unauthorized access, data corruption, and interference between different processes (Tutorialandexample, 2021). The OS employs various techniques, including access control mechanisms, memory protection, and file permissions, to enforce protection. These measures ensure that users and applications only have access to authorized resources, preventing unauthorized access and safeguarding system integrity and data security. 2. Part Two I decided to install Ubuntu, which is one of the well-known Linux distributions. To do that, I had to install Virtual Box which is a virtual machine that I can install Ubuntu inside it. 1. I go the official website of Oracle Virtual Box to download the latest version of the program I downloaded the version that works with windows from the following link https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads O Viata a look About Screenshots Downloads Documentation End-user docs Technical docs Contribute Community 23°C ???? ????? VirtualBox search ... Login Preferences History Start Page | Index Download VirtualBox Here you will find links to VirtualBox binaries and its source code. VirtualBox binaries By downloading, you agree to the terms and conditions of the respective license. If you're looking for the latest VirtualBox 6.1 packages, see VirtualBox 6.1 builds. Version 6.1 will remain supported until December 2023. VirtualBox 7.0.12 platform packages . >> Windows hosts . = > macOS / Intel hosts · Linux distributions . Solaris hosts . +Solaris 11 IPS hosts The binaries are released under the terms of the GPL version 3. See the changelog for what has changed. You might want to compare the checksums to verify the integrity of downloaded packages. The SHA256 checksums should be favored as the MD5 algorithm must be treated as insecure! 0 Search 99+ f 10:25 pm 19/11/2023 40 1 After downloading it, I installed it following the instructions in the installation wizard. Now, my VM Virtual Box is ready to launch