Overview of Anatomy and Physiology WHAT'S COVERED In this lesson, you will learn about how the body is studied both in form and function. Specifically, this lesson will cover: 1. Welcome to Anatomy & Physiology 2. Course Organization 3. Anatomy 4. Physiology 5. Terms to Know Anatomy: Biology Course Overview: · Scientific study of life and living things. · Focuses on individual living things like animals, plants, fungi, or bacteria. · Anatomy & Physiology course studies the structure and function of homo sapiens (humans). . Human anatomy studies the body's structure, derived from the Greek root meaning "to cut apart." Human Anatomy Study · Initial observation of body exterior and injuries. · Physicians later allowed the dissection of dead bodies. Dissection and Anatomy in Medical Education · Dissection is a method of observing physical attributes and relationships in a body. · Imaging techniques have been developed to visualize structures in living people, such as cancerous tumors or fractured bones. Specializations in Anatomy · Gross anatomy studies larger, visible structures without magnification. · Microanatomy studies small, visible structures only with a microscope or other magnification devices. · Microscopic anatomy includes cytology and histology. · Advancements in microscope technology allow anatomists to observe smaller body structures, from large structures to three-dimensional structures of large molecules. Vocab: · Biology: The study of life and living things. · Anatomy: The study of the body's structure. · Gross (Macroscopic) Anatomy: The study of body structure visible with the unaided eye. · Microanatomy: The study of body structure using a microscope or other magnification device. Understanding Physiology Physiology's Role in Human Function
· Physiology is the scientific study of the body's function. · It involves macroscopic and microscopic observation, manipulations, and measurements. · Physiologists specialize in a particular branch of physiology, such as neurophysiology, which studies the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Homeostasis in Physiology · Homeostasis is the state of internal equilibrium maintained by living things. . The body undergoes the same process with every change in the internal environment, maintaining internal conditions like blood sugar concentration and body temperature. Physiology's Role in Anatomy · Anatomy explains the types of cells present in and around the eyelid. · Physiology explains how these structures work together to produce fluid, cause blinking, and detect when to perform functions. Vocab: · Physiology: The study of the body's function. · Homeostasis: The state of internal equilibrium or balance maintained by living things. Structural Organization of the Human Body: Human Body Structures and Organizations · Basic architecture: assembly of smallest parts into larger structures. · Fundamental levels of organization: Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ Systems, Organism. Chemical Level Overview . The chemical level is the lowest level of organization with smallest units. . All matter in the universe is composed of unique pure substances called elements. . The smallest unit of these elements is an atom. . Molecules, formed by two or more atoms, are the chemical building blocks of all body structures. Cellular Level Overview · Cells are the