• Home
  • University of the People
  • GlobalizationPOLS 1503
  • Globalization and Politics

Globalization and Politics

Globalization refers to the movement of goods, technology, information, and jobs across national and cultural boundaries. In economic terms, it refers to the interconnection of nations around the world, which is facilitated by free trade. Through the cross-border flow of commodities, capital, and labor, globalization has resulted in the creation of new jobs and economic growth. However, economic expansion and employment creation are not uniformly dispersed among industries or countries.[CITATION Glo \l 1033 ] The partitioning of the world into three big areas, or geographically based and hierarchically organized tiers, is a key structure of the capitalist global-system. The first is the system's core, or the system's powerful and developed centers, which began with Western Europe and then extended to include North America and Japan. The second is the periphery, or those territories that have been forcibly subordinated to the core through colonialism or other means, such as Latin America, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe in the early years of the capitalist world-system. The semi-periphery is made up of states and regions that were once in the core but are now moving down the hierarchy, or those that were once in the periphery but are now moving up. As each location plays a functionally specialized role within an international division of labor that reproduces this underlying structure of exploitation and inequality, values migrate from the periphery to the semi-periphery, and finally to the core. All globalization ideologies have been categorized into eight categories: liberalism, political realism, Marxism, constructivism, postmodernism, feminism, Transformationalism, and eclecticism. There are numerous versions for each of them. Now, I describe liberalism & feminism. Liberalism is a political theory that considers the protection and enhancement of individual liberty to be the basic problem of politics. Liberals generally believe that government is required to protect individuals from harm caused by others, but they also acknowledge that government can be a threat to liberty in and of itself. Technological advancements, notably in the areas of transportation, communications, and information processing, as well as appropriate legal and institutional arrangements, are required for markets and liberal democracy to extend globally. Business Studies, Economics, International Political Economy, Law, and Politics are the most common sources of such explanations. Liberals emphasize the importance of building institutional infrastructure to facilitate globalization. All of this has resulted in technical standardization, administrative harmonization, language translation arrangements, contract rules, and property rights guarantees. Tolerance is a traditional benefit of liberalism in a social and cultural setting. Tolerance, variety, and freedom of expression are all associated with liberalism. Liberalism is known for prioritizing inclusion and combating racism, sexism, transphobia, and homophobia. Some prominent liberals have criticized the left and liberals for pushing censorship and limiting freedom of expression. While acceptance of diverse opinions may be an advantage of liberalism, it may also be a drawback because of its well-documented aversion to ideas or information that do not align with or support a certain worldview. [ CITATION Lib \lI 1033 ]. It is impossible to presume