Neuronal And Cellular Signalling Nervous System is an Information Processing System CNS (Central Nervous System): -Brain -Spinal Cord PNS (Peripheral Nervous System): Cranial Nerve: . Head + Neck Structure · Mixed and can only be one. Spinal Nerves: . Mixed and combined Functional Classes of neurons: . Motor (Efferent Neurons)- Away from CNS . Sensory (Afferent Neurons)-Towards CNS Interneuron "relay" "connectors" neurons connect motor and sensory neurons in CNS.
Nucleus Cell Body Receptive "input" component Dendrite Axon Transmission Component Schwann cell (Myelin Sheath) 1 Nodes of Ranvier Axon Terminals Effector Component Neuronal Cells are Morphologically diverse. Nerve Vs Neurons Nerve is a bundle of axon in the PNS. Neurons is a Cell
Glial Glial (Glia) - Greek means Glue Support cells-to connected to neurons. Doesn't take part in electrical signalling. Increases Sizes as it gets bigger Astrocytes-CNS Structural + Metabolic Support to neurons Grey matter in CNS Synaptic transmission (Glu-Transporter) Ionic composition Neural repairs (glial scars) - To differentiate to produce neurons to support the body. - Involved with Dementia and AD Myelinating Glia-Oligodendrocytes (In CNS) and Schwann Cells (In PNS) Insulates axon (lipid-rich myelin) Speed of transmission Metabolic support of axon Involved in MS (this destroys CNS Myelin + oligodendrocytes) Microglia- Resident CNS immune cells Scavenge and remove cell debris from post injury like an macrophage. Mediates inflammatory reaction by secretory cytokines Involved Alzheimer's Disease