UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE NST2HP Natural Sciences Tripos Part II: History and Philosophy of Science Monday 3 June 1.30 pm to 4.30 pm Paper 2 Early Medicine Students taking History and Philosophy of Science should answer FOUR questions. Answer one question from Section A and three questions from Section B. All questions carry equal weighting. Students taking Biological and Biomedical Sciences should answer THREE questions, all of them chosen from Section B. Do not answer any questions from Section A. Begin each answer on a separate sheet. Write legibly and on only one side of the paper. Answers must be tied up in separate bundles, marked 1, 2,3, etc. according to the number of the question. Attach a completed coversheet to each bundle and complete a master coversheet listing all questions attempted. It is essential that you write your examination number and not your name on the coversheet and on each bundle. You may not start to read the questions printed on the subsequent pages of this question paper until instructed to do so by the invigilator. Page 1 of 2
SECTION A 1. To what extent does the availability of sources from before 1750 condition the types of history of medicine that can be written? 2. To what extent should the wide range of practices and types of knowledge associated with maintaining health and curing illness be characterised as medicine? 3. "From antiquity through the eighteenth century, men and women were seen as different in degree rather than in kind". Discuss. SECTION B 4. EITHER a) How did ancient physicians establish their medical authority? OR b) How did doctors' relationship with political power develop between the beginning and end of Graeco-Roman antiquity? 5. How important were the changes in ancient medical education after Galen's lifetime? 6. Is it right to blur the boundary between early and later medieval medicine? 7. What accounts for the prominence of leprosy amongst medieval sicknesses? 8. Did medieval ideas about the body reflect how disease was treated in practice? 9. EITHER a) 'To understand how health care developed and changed over the early modern period we must not look to the medical marketplace for an explanation, but seek to explain the medical marketplace itself.' Discuss. OR b) To what extent was early modern medicine presented as 'rational'? 10. 'The anatomised body tells us nothing about the living body'. Discuss from the perspective of medical practitioners and/or their patients. 11. Should the history of early modern medicine be written as the history of diseases? END OF PAPER Page 2 of 2
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE NST2HP Natural Sciences Tripos Part II: History and Philosophy of Science Thursday 30 May 9.00 am to 12.00 pm Paper 3 Natural Philosophies: Renaissance to Enlightenment You should answer four questions in total. Answer one question from Section A and three questions from Section B. All questions carry equal weighting. Begin each answer on a separate sheet. Write legibly and on only one side of the paper. Answers must be tied up