Practice Quiz: Concepts & Knowledge, Language & Bilingualism Some lecture content, some TopHat content 1) 1. What is the Commonsense Knowledge Problem? a) A person's environmental context (e.g. where they grow up) changes what they believe is "common sense". b) All computer programs pull from the same "common sense" database, which lacks ecological validity when modelling human cognition. c) A person's priming task performance may be influenced by outside knowledge. d) Computer programs do not have the same implicit knowledge as people, and therefore they must be explicitly coded to contain "common sense" knowledge. 2) What does it mean for a defining feature to be "necessary and sufficient", according to the classical approach for categorization? a) If that feature is present, it qualifies inclusion in the category. Without that feature, it cannot be included in the category. b) If that feature is present, it qualifies inclusion in the category. If the feature is not present, it may still be included in the category under special circumstances. c) If that feature is present, it may or may not qualify inclusion in the category, depending on context. 3) Raymonde is asked to name household pets. She names "dog" first and "tarantula" last. This is an example of what? a) A typicality effect. b) A semantic priming effect. c) A hub-and-spoke effect. d) A feature effect. 4) According to Rosch's model, a prototype can be defined as ... a) An abstract concept that represents the most typical member of a category, created by averaging out all previously observed members of that category. b) An example of the most typical member of a category, created by remembering the most commonly observed member of that category. c) An abstract concept that represents the ideal member of a category, created by fulfilling every defining feature of that category. d) An example that represents the ideal member of a category, created by remembering the best example of a previously observed member of that category. 5) Bastian and Haslam (2006) found what evidence for the relationship between categorization and stereotyping? a) Faster performance on a lexical decision task was associated with greater stereotyping. b) Greater amounts of psychologically essentialist beliefs were associated with greater stereotyping. c) Better performance on a rectangle categorization task was associated with greater stereotyping. d) Lesser amounts of psychologically essentialist beliefs were associated with greater stereotyping.
6) According to Rosch (1976), which is the level of knowledge storage that is maximally informative and distinctive? a) The basic level. b) The advanced level. c) The subordinate level. d) The superordinate level. e) The ordinate level. 7) Which of the following options lists only distributed networks? a) Collins and Qullian's hierarchical model. b) Collins and Loftus's spreading activation model. c) Neural networks. d) Both neural networks and the spreading activation model. 8) Which of the following is an example of a "spoke" in the hub-and-spoke model? a) An apple. b) The taste of an apple. c) Fruit. d) A Granny Smith apple. 9) Campbell's monkeys are