1.2 Uncertainties and Errors Understandings: · Random and systematic errors · Absolute, fractional and percentage uncertainties · Error bars · Uncertainty of gradient and intercepts Random errors How to reduce? Systematic errors Precision Applications and skills: · Explaining how random and systematic errors can be identified and reduced · Collecting data that include absolute and/or fractional uncertainties and stating these as an uncertainty range (expressed as: best estimate + uncertainty range) · Propagating uncertainties through calculations involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and raising to a power · Determining the uncertainty in gradients and intercepts
Accuracy C C C
21. Both random and systematic errors are present in the measurement of a particular quantity. What changes, if any, would repeated measurements of this quantity have on the random and systematic errors? Random Systematic A. reduced reduced B reduced unchanged C. unchanged reduced D. unchanged unchanged (1) 22. A student uses a metre rule and a set-square to measure a series of vertical heights, as shown. set- square height to be measured metre rule The metre rule is not vertical. What type of error is reduced by using a set-square and what type of error is caused because the metre rule is not vertical? error reduced by use of set-square A. random error caused by non-vertical ruler random