Essential idea: Classical physics requires a force to change a state of motion, as suggested by Newton in his laws of motion. 2.2 Forces Nature of Science Using mathematics: Isaac Newton provided the basis for much of our understanding of forces and motion by formalizing the previous work of scientists through the application of mathematics by inventing calculus to assist with this. (2.4) Intuition: The tale of the falling apple describes simply one of the many flashes of intuition that went into the publication of Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica in 1687. Understandings: · Objects as point particles · Free-body diagrams · Translational equilibrium . Newton's laws of motion · Solid friction Applications and skills: · Representing forces as vectors · Sketching and interpreting free-body diagrams . Describing the consequences of Newton's first law for translational equilibrium · Using Newton's second law quantitatively and qualitatively · Identifying force pairs in the context of Newton's third law · Solving problems involving forces and determining resultant force Types of forces Symbol . Describing solid friction (static and dynam by coefficients of friction
How to draw a free-body diagram (FBD) 1. Identify all of the forces acting on the object 2. Figure out which direction the forces act (relative to your coordinate system) 3. Represent your object as a small circle or rectangle 4. Draw all of the forces coming from the centre of the object Pulling a cart on wheels A block on a ramp Atwood Machine A brick on a table A cart on wheels attached to a pulley with a hanging mass You choose!
First Law: State Newton's Laws of Motion Example Second Law: Translational Equilibrium - Third Law: Newton's Laws of Motion