Unit 7 Original culture is called the heritage culture New culture is the host culture Culture shock/crisis stage: next 6-18 months Reverse culture shock ?????? - Culture shock when returning to your heritage culture · Occurs after you've become acculturated to a dif f erent host culture - What applied to culture shock also applies to reverse culture shock - There is an expectation that home is the same, but things may have changed ??????,??????????????,???????????,????? ???????,??????????????????????,???????? ?????????????????????????,???????????? The initial honeymoon stage doesn't happen for many sojourners and migrants. Cultural distance: ????????????????? Cultural f it: - ?????????????????????????????Extraverts ??? should always fare better in the acculturation, 187-2. - ??????? independent self-concept ??????????????????? ?? Acculturation Strategies ???? 1. The first is whether people attempt to participate in the larger society of their host culture. Do they have a positive attitude toward their host culture, and are they actively seeking to f i t in it? 2. The second issue is whether people strive to maintain their own heritage culture and identity as members of that culture. Those who have positive attitudes toward their heritage culture are said to be maintaining an ethnic identity - Integration strategy -141?A###: ef forts fo it in and fully participate in the host culturwhile at the same time striving to maintain the traditions of the heritage culture - Marginalization strategy:???????????????????? - Assimilation strategy: ?????????????,????????????,??? ?????????????????????? - Separation strategy: ?????????????,?????????????????
Multicultural or salad bowl model: ??????????,?????????????? Assimilationist or melting pot model: ??????????,?????????????? Some Pitfalls of Acculturation ????????? Immigrant paradox:??????????????,?????????????????? ????,????????,?????????????????,????????? ???????????? Stereotype threat: ???????????????????????????? Evidence for Blending ????????????????????,????????,? ????????????? Evidence for Frame-Switching ???????????????????????????? ??????,????????????????????. ????????????? ?????????? Code-switching: ?????????????????????????????????? ????? CULTURE AS SITUATED COGNITION ???????? - highlight that bicultural people are not the only ones who have access to multiple knowledge structures ???????????????????????????????(??? ?????)????????????(??????????)????,???? ???????? Third Culture Kids (TCKs) - ?????????????????,??????????????,?????? ????????????????????????? - ?????????????????????,????????????????? ?????,?????????????????? - Their acculturation process is probably best described as a marginalization strategy, rather than any of the other strategies discussed earlier, because they don't have particularly strong connections to either their host or heritage culture. - ???????? Multiculturalism and Creativity:?????????????????????? - Children who are raised with multiple languages perform better on a perspective-taking task Integrative complexity ???????? -- a willingness and ability to acknowledge and consider dif f erent viewpoints on the same iss??????????
Moral relativism: the belief that what is right or wrong is not absolute; it depends on dif f erent cultural factors. ???????,???????????multicultural ????????????? ?? 1. Acculturation, an important topic of research, is a challenging subject to study because people ' s acculturation experiences vary dramatically. 2. Migrants typically experience predictable changes in attitude toward the host culture; their acculturation process usually consists of a honeymoon stage, followed by culture shock, then a gradual period of adjustment. 3. People who have the easiest time acculturating have a short cultural distance to travel; they come from heritage cultures that are not that different from their new host culture. 4. Acculturation is easier for people with a good cultural f i t; thepersonality is