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Cultural Norms and Conformity in Different Societies

A study describing cultural norms is the study conducted by Berry. Cultural norms are the standards we live by. They are the shared expectations and rules that guide behavior of people within social groups. Conformity involves changing your beliefs or behaviors to fit in with a group. The study conducted by berry aimed to Investigate cultural differences in the pressure to conform. This study involved three groups of participants, the Temne of Sierra Leone (a society based on rice farming), the Inuit people of Northern Canada (a society based on hunting and fishing), and Scottish people (control). Each group consisted of around 120 participants. Each participant was shown a series of cards. Each card had one line which was the Standard Line, and several lines were known as Comparison lines. Participants had to select which of the Comparison lines matched the Standard line in length. After completing the task with two cards, on the third card, participants were given a hint. The hint given was that most Temne / Inuit / Scottish people think that the correct answer is one of the lines, as the experimenter says a specific line. For the next three cards, the experimenter repeats the "Hint", except points to the wrong line. The point of the study was to see whether participants ignore the wrong advice and choose the correct line, or follow their group in choosing the incorrect line. The Temne had the highest rate of conformity, choosing the incorrect line when they believed that most Temne had also chosen that line, even when it was obviously the wrong answer while the Inuit had the lowest rate of conformity, tending to choose the correct line even when they believed that other Inuit had chosen a different line. In conclusion, the study shows that cultures vary in the pressure to conform. The Temne culture is the most conformist, while the Inuit culture is the most individualistic. The researchers said that the reason for this difference is how each culture produces food. The Temne are a rice farming society, and planting rice requires the coordination of many people, making it especially important to conform to the group's decisions. On the other hand, the Inuit are a society of hunters and fishers, which is primarily done individually, making conformity less crucial for survival.