PSYC 304 Lecture 13 Family Matters Microsystem -child's microsystem comprises of all people with whom child interacts -amongst these people, they engage with one another -e.g. parents interact with coaches, dentists Mesosystem -all proximal processes around the child Socially desirable responding -people might respond in ways that make them look good -more often in less individualistic cultures e.g. Asian >solutions -anonymous questionnaires -less likely to feel like they need to look good or lie -use neutral items to describe behavior- both negative/positive characteristics -for people who have high/low tendency to engage in social-desirable responding, use separate measure to assess it Measures? -paulhus deception scale -true/false -questions addressing social behavior that almost everyone must have engaged in
Self-deception -people lie in responses to feel good about themselves Image management -want to engage in image management -want to look good in front of others Self-deception in US, European background, Canadian Image management in Asian+. South Asian background Reference group effect -responses depend on group people are using for reference >solutions -when talking about this we are dealing with subjective arguments -so, to avoid it, use objective/concrete questions -avoid abstract ideas-use specific context-based behaviors or use specific reference group Alternative research methodology Qualitative methods (also applicable for quantitative measures) >issues 1)understand cultures you are working with 2)methodological equivalence -methods are understood equally by people in different cultures -tasks mean the same thing in other cultural environments 2
-researchers must understand norms and practices of other cultures to avoid wrong conclusion -accomplished through-ethnographies, international collaboration Culture psychology outside lab/ Field research -good background knowledge about cultures is needed -field=anywhere outside the lab Ethnographies -comprehensive collection of data and knowledge about a particular cultural group -long narratives -what people are actually thinking/detailed thoughts is more meaningful -qualitative methods help go beyond numbers -indigenous research methodologies make heavier use of qualitative methodologies -indigenous cultures have rich oral traditions -important to communicate in a qualitative manner -provides rich data -end up running against wall? -psychology relies on quantitative method -not trained to interpret qualitative data 3