Chapter 4 wrong 2.Steven is a new English-speaking cultural psychologist who only uses questionnaires. He wants to f i rst establish methodological equivalence when studying cultural differences in "happiness" between rural Nigerians and urban South Koreans. To do that, he must a) have all the Nigerians and South Koreans in his sample practice taking questionnaires. b) translate his questionnaires from English into the languages spoken in the target countries. c) ask his participants to provide examples of when they experience happiness within their own cultures. d) ensure that participants from both countries answer the questionnaire in English. e) reverse-code half of the items on his questionnaires. correct ANS: A My : B 6. If an independent variable has more variance, is it more dif f i cult or easier to detect an ef fect on the dependent variable? a) more dif f i cult, but only if the dependent variable also has lots of variance b) easier, but only if the dependent variable has much less variance c) more dif f i cult d) easier e) The answer cannot be determined. correct ANS: D My : E 10.After examining surveys that you collected from Culture X, you notice that everyone's responses tend to cluster at both ends of the scale. How do you correct this? a) Split the scores into high versus low. b) Reverse-score half of the items. c) Ensure that the items are thoroughly back-translated. d) Use a scale with an odd number of response options. e) Specify a reference group for comparison. Correct ANS: A My : B 11. While helping your colleague analyze data, you realize that she has turned the participants' responses into z-scores. Based on the response biases in the textbook, for what is she most likely trying to account? a) prestige bias b) the deprivation ef fect
c) moderacy bias d) the reference-group ef fect e) ingroup bias Correct ANS: C My: E 18. The tendency for people living in conditions with a real threat of starvation to report valuing food more than those living in conditions where food is abundant is an example of a) the reference-group ef f ect. b) social desirability norms. c) acquiescence biases. d) unsynchronized sample selections. e) the deprivation ef fect. Correct ANS: E My: A 19. If you wanted to do a study using a within-groups manipulation to examine whether European Canadians can be made to think like Canadians and East Asians, which of the following would be the most relevant and appropriate methodology? a) random assignment b) standardization c) between-groups manipulation d) acculturation e) cultural priming Correct ANS: E My: D 21. An advantage of the situation-sampling method is that it a) can be used with more than one culture at a time. b) does not require the experimenter to translate any materials. c) controls for cultural differences in response biases. d) allows researchers to see how people in dif f erent cultures would respond if they were in the other groups' cultural worlds. e)