Snow Module Afternoon Max. Morning Min. Temp. Adj. (*C) Season Cloud Cover Wind (free-air) Temp. Adj. ("C) Early Winter clear Light/Mod 0 to 3 Strong O to 2 -8 to-10 Early Winter clear 0 to -5 Early Winter partly cloudy Light/Mod 0 to 2 -4 to-6 Early Winter partly cloudy Strong 0 to 1 0 to -4 -2 to -4 Early Winter overcast Light/Mod 0 to 1 0 0 to -2 Early Winter overcast Strong Late Winter clear Light/Mod 6 to 10 -7 to-9 Late Winter clear Strong 4 to 8 0 to -4 Late Winter partly cloudy Light/Mod 4 ta 8 -3 to -5 Late Winter partly cloudy Strong 2 to 6 0 to -3 Late Winter overcast Light/Mod 2 to 4 -1 to -3 Late Winter overcast Strong 1 to 3 0 to -2 Early Winter = Dec - Mid Feb Light/Mod = Less than 40 km/h Late Winter = Mid Feb - Apr Strong = Greater than 40 km/h [low pressure systems = cyclones] - Heavy precipitation, strong winds, and low visibility; most difficult and hazardous to ski in o Little insolation - Low pressure centres are areas of low pressure that are completely surrounded by higher pressure - Low pressure troughs are areas of lower pressure that are not completely surrounded by higher pressure o Trough axis is a minimum in pressure along the path across the trough axis Winds converge towards the centre of the low (wind blows from regions of high pressure to low pressure) - Northern hemisphere > Coriolis effect turns the winds contraclockwise around a cyclone o Opposite to high pressure system o Converging air goes up " Upward motion in a moist atmosphere generally results in clouds and precipitation [cold fronts = boundary between warmer and colder air masses, where the cold air is advancing] - Associated with hazardous sensible weather, as well as the changes in the weather (snow, wind, fog) - Temperatures decrease with time behind a cold front, where there is a colder air mass o Especially with high winds (wind chill), frostbite and hypothermia are genuine concerns . Should cover as much skin as possible o Wind chill = the apparent temperature to a human due to combined effects of temperature and wind " the harder the wind blows, the faster heat is removed from the human body
· below 0, you risk discomfort and hypothermia if not properly dressed over a long period of time " below -10, may suffer frostbite and hypothermia after a short amount of time · below -55, skin can freeze in two minutes " particularly a concern on ridgetops, during arctic air outbreaks at the coast, and in regions where very cold arctic air is more common - winds are typically stronger in the vicinity of fronts -> stronger and gustier winds than warm fronts - the denser, colder air behind the front undercuts the warmer air ahead of it as it moves forward, causing that warmer air to rise up,