- Contrasting highly different cultures vs similar cultures . There are still culturally learned skills regarding completing surveys or participating in psychological studies. . This kind of implicit learning is a prerequisite for researchers . Standard survey methodology are of less utility when exploring subsistence societies that dont share this kind of experience - Methodological equivalence . Having one's methods perceived in identical ways across different cultures . We have to adapt our procedures so that they are understandable in each culture · Experimental control is lost when we use a different procedures in the different cultures. - What kinds of problems do you thin emerge when psychologists overemphasise students in samples? · Problems with generalisability - Less able to confidently generalise results because there is not a diverse range of samples . Problem with the power of the studies - Power refers to the capability of your study to detect an effect to the extent that it exists - The more variance in the independent variable, the more likely that an effect will be detected in the dependent variable . If cultural differences emerge with similar samples, we can assume that the effects of culture would be at leased as pronounced with more divergent samples. This is one reason why cross cultural research has focused on uni students Challenges to conducting survey research across cultures - Translation of questionnaire items . Participants and researchers often speak different languages - Solution? To keep all materials int he original language, and only study people who are bilingual with English - However another issue is that our responses are different depending on the language we are thinking in . Problems with transitions of psychological terms - Many psych terms don't have equivalents in other languages - Solution? . Make sure at least one of the investigators is bilingual 2 -.