MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1) Which one of the following journal-article titles most likely represents an applied research study? A) "The influence of a food reward on maze running behaviour in kittens" B) "Measurement of reaction times to different coloured lights" C) "Increasing recycling of fast-food containers: A test at an amusement park" D) "Cognitive factors influencing logical reasoning" Answer: C 2) Which one of the following journal-article titles most likely represents an example of basic research? A) "Teaching youths with autism to offer assistance" B) "Effect of size and lettering style of signs on wayfinding accuracy in a hospital" C) "Encouraging recycling: An evaluation of a media campaign" D) "Effect of situational factors on assessment of blame: A test of attribution theory" Answer: D 3) Which one of the following journal article titles most likely represents an example of a basic research study? A) "Increasing knowledge of dangers in the home: An online survey" B) "A peer tutoring program as a method to increase cultural sensitivity" C) "Buying behaviour: The influence of item shelf placement in retail grocery stores" D) "The effect of self-awareness on a cognitive reasoning task" Answer: D 4) Which statement best illustrates the scientific goal of describing behaviour? A) Jurors judge attractive defendants more leniently than unattractive defendants. B) A loud noise will gain a person's attention more than a soft noise will because the loud noise startles the person. C) Alcohol consumption increases the likelihood of an automobile accident because it affects a driver's reaction time. D) Puppies who drink milk will grow more than puppies who drink water because milk contains a greater amount of nutrients. Answer: A 5) An important component of the scientific approach is peer review. Which of the following is NOT a reason for employing peer review? It aims to A) ensure that only the best research is published. B) allow publication of only those findings with which other researchers agree. C) ensure that research with major obvious flaws will not be part of scientific literature. D) ensure that the best ideas are supported by research, and allows others to build upon the research thereby further advancing the field of study. Answer: B 1
6) When data fails to provide support for some idea that is advanced, we can say that occurred. A) peer review Answer: B B) falsifiability C) an error has D) skepticism 7) A Ph.D. student is interested in determining the fundamental causes of depression in humans. Her ultimate goal is that her research may one day result in new drugs to treat the disease. This is an example of what type of research. A) Basic and applied B) Neither basic nor applied C) Basic D) Applied Answer: A 8) Which one of the following statements is accurate? A) Applied research is far more important than basic research. B) Basic research is far more important than applied research. C) Basic and applied research are both