Bioinformatics: Cell Structure and Function Organelle Cell Wall Chloroplast Nucleus Ribosomes Plant/Animal or Both Plants, Prokaryotes, NOT ANIMALS Plants, NOT ANIMALS All Eukaryotes ALL CELLS Job/Function Provides and maintains the shape of the cell and serves as a protective barrier. In plants, wall is made of cellulose. Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidogylcan. Uses the energy from sunlight to form glucose molecules from carbon dioxide and water. Glucose is an energy STORAGE molecule. Protective container for the cell's DNA. DNA never leaves the nucleus, but messages(mRNA) can be sent to other parts of the cell. Smallest organelle found in ALL cells. Builds proteins by putting together long chains of amino acids according to the mRNA
Mitochondria Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Vacuole All Eukaryotes ALL CELLS ALL CELLS All Eukaryotes - ... 1 message ( a copy of a piece of DNA). Thousands in each cell. Powerhouse of the cell. Converts glucose in ATP, an energy molecule used in almost every reaction the cell does. Controls what molecules are allowed in and out of the cell. Also called the Plasma Membrane. Made of a sea of phospholipids molecules that together form the outer barrier of the cell. The liquid that fills the cell. Contains lots of proteins and dissolved ions that are involved in many cell reactions. Basically, a membrane enclosed sac that can be filled with anything the cell needs to keep separate. Stores food, water, etc. In plants, the vacuole also helps the cell maintain its rigidity.
Golgi Body Lysosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum All Eukaryotes Microtubules & Microfilaments All Eukaryotes All Eukaryotes All Eukaryotes All Eukaryotes Receives products trom the ER and adds final modifications. It also sorts these products and sends them to their final destinations. A membrane enclosed bag of digestive juices. Breaks down large molecules and old cell parts into their components that can be recycled for build new cell parts. Large folded membrane system studded with ribosomes. Ribosomes build proteins and the ER helps fold or modify them. Products ars shipped to the Golgi. Large folded membrane system. Puts together lipids and is important in making new membranes. Long tubes or cord-like structures that provide the cell's internal structure and allow cell movement. Other -