Biomechanics Part 3 IVF INC HUMAN DUUI 1 2 16 15 17 3 14 13 4 5 12 18 6 19 20 7 8 9 10 11 Parts of the Human Body 1. Skull 2. Clavicle 3. Humerus 4. Radius 5. Ulna - -
6. Carpal bones 7. Femur 8. Patella 9. Fibula 10. Tibia 11. Tarsal bones 12. Pelvis 13. Ribs 14. Sternum 15. Scapula 16. Cervical spine 17. Thoracic spine 18. Lumbar spine 19. Sacrum 20. Coccyx Injury Biomechanics . A field in biomechanics focused on understanding the mechanics of injury at the level of the bones, joints, organs and tissues of the body. · Highly interdisciplinary. 1. Engineers 2. Medical practitioners 3. Epidemiologists · Generally focused on unintentional injuries due to sports, falls, or automotive accidents Aims of Injury Biomechanics 1. Identification and explanation of inuury mechanisms 2. Quantification of mechanical response of body components to impact 3. Determination of tolerance levels to impact 4. Assessment of safety devices and techniques to evaluate prevention systems. Static Equilbrium . An obiect in static equilibrium has no linear or angular acceleration
. Not net forces in the x or y-direction. Static Equilibrium of the Human Body Necessary information · Muscle attachment locations (i.e. where is the muscle pulling) · Muscle line of action (i.e. what direction is the muscle pulling) · Segment mass and centre of gravity Assumptions · Joint friction is negligible · Body segments are rigid · Motion occurs in a single plane · For the system to be determinate, only a single muscle force Skeletal Muscles · Muscles can only pull (never push) on our skeletal system · Connected to bones through tendons Free Body Diagram (FBD) Reminders . All forces and moments you want to find must be EXTERNAL to the free body . To find a force or moment within the body, you need to separate the body at location of forces required · Only draw free body, forces/moments on free body . Do not draw the ground, other objects, the rest of the human, etc. Muscle Lines of Action · Line along which a muscle pulls. . F origin origin F F. tangential point Fo origin F