LECTURE: WEEK: 3 PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASES PULMONARY CLASSIFICATION: Accumulation of Fluid in the extra vascular tissue of the lung Fluid should be in the vessel leaves and ends up in the lung Sudden/acute symptoms Difficulty breathing (dyspnoea) or extreme shortness of breath at worsens with activity or lying down A Feeling of suffocating or drowning that worsens when lying down A cough that produces Frothy sputum that may have blood in it A rapid, irregular heartbeat (palpitations) Anxiety, restlessness or a Feeling that something bad is about to happen Cold, clammy skin Wheezing or gasping For air Longer term symptoms Fatigue New or worsening cough Rapid weight gain Swelling in the legs and Feet OEDEMA CAUSES: Most commonly increased capillary hydrostatic pressure Makes the Fluid leave the blood vessel into the interstitial Fluid From myocardial infarction, mitral or aortic stenosis, left-sided heart Failure Increases capillary permeability Inflammation In it's very severe Form leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) From inflammation due to pulmonary or extra pulmonary infections CONSEQUENCES: Depends on the severity of the oedema but can result in: Reduction of lung Function due to: Reduced total lung capacity (TLC) Increased residual volume Alveoli Filling with Fluid Cor pulmonale - right sided heart Failure A B