OEDEMA EFFUSIONS HYPERAEMIA CONGESTION Swelling due to the movement of fluid from blood vessels to the interstitial fluid . Transudate ( + protein ) or Exudate ( + protein ) . Caused by + hydrostatic pressure or vascular permeability and results in swelling or breathing difficulties . Diuretics , massage and compression can be used to treat . The accumulation of Alvid in body cavities . Can be pleural , pericardial or peritoneal . Caused by heart failure , cancer , liver or kidney disease , infections or blocked lymph vessels and causes swelling , pain / discomfort, coughing or difficulty breathing. Open heart / thoracic surgery , drainage and medication are treatments . An increased blood volume within a tissue. An active process caused by arteriolar dilation ? I blood flow. Occurs at the site of inflammation or exercising skeletal muscle and is usually beneficial. An increased blood volume within a tissue. A passive process caused by impaired venous blood flow from a tissue . Occurs systematically or locally and is harmful HAEMORRHAGE ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS VENOUS THROMBOSIS Loss of blood due to a ruptured blood vessel with defective clot formation . Can be external (outside the body ) or internal (noematoma ) . Is classified based on size and can cause hypovolaemic shock due to large volumes of blood being lost The formation of an internal clot in an artery. Caused by endothelial injury , stasis / turbulent blood flow ? hypercoagulability of blood . Arterial thrombosis forms a white clot due to + platelets from endothelial injury The formation of an internal clot in a vein . Caused by endothelial injury, stasis / turbulent blood flow ? hypercoagulability of blood . Venous thrombosis forms a red clot due to 1 red blood cells and can be superficial ( pain ) swelling heat rarely embolise ) or deep (asymptomatic " embolise)
VENUS EMBOLIS ARTERIAL EMBOLIS An abnormal solid, liquid or gas circulating in blood. An internal clot / dislodged venus thrombus that circulates back to the heart . Can cause pulmonary , lower limb saddle ( both lung ) blockages . An abnormal solid, liquid or gas circulating in blood. An internal clot / dislodged arterial thrombus that circulates anywhere around the body and causes a blockage . Specifically the brain - stroke , kidneys , intestines or peripherally - gangrene.
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY L PREECLAMPSIA ECLAMPSIA ENDOMETRIOSIS ADENOMYOSIS RENAL OESTEODYSTROPHY The implantation of a fertilized ovum anywhere other than the uterus , mostly in the fallopian tubes Causes light vaginal bleeding , pelvic pain , shoulder pain ? in emergencies shock, fainting } extreme lightheadedness . 50% occur due to slow passage through tubes (scarring) chronic inflammation & can lead to hemorrhage. Can be treated through the removal of ectopic tissue / effected fallopean tube Increased blood pressure due to complications of pregnancy . Often in the 3 rd trimester and manifests as hypotension , protein in urine } oedema . Occurs in 5-10% of pregnancies & normally in