NUTR2003 Week 1 . Nutrition is the study of foods, their nutrients and other chemical constituents and the effects of food constituents on health . Nutrition affects many dimensions of health can generally be modified to improve health outcomes THE ROLE OF NUTRITION IN PUBLIC HEALTH . in public health nutrition, we try to bring population wide perspectives to the relationship between food and health · for this we consider, different settings, various strategies and a range of approaches NUTRITION PRINCIPLES #1 food is a basic need for humans FOOD SECURITY - having access to all times to sufficient supply of safe and nutritious food FOOD INSECURITITY - limited or uncertain availability of safe, nutritious foods About 5% of Australian adults are food insecure, higher in younger age, female #2 Foods provide energy, nutrients and other substances needed for growth and health #3 Health problems related to nutrition originate within cells #4 poor nutrition can result from both inadequate and excessive levels of nutrition intake #5 Humans have adaptive mechanisms for managing fluctuations in food intake #6 Malnutrition can result from poor diets and from disease states, genetic factors or combo of these #7 some groups of people are at higher risk of becoming inadequately nourished that others #8 Poor nutrition can influence the development of certain chronic disease #9 adequacy and balance are key characteristics of a healthy diet
. Home · Work sites · School, after school . Child care · Neighborhoods and communities · Restaurants and fast food outlets · Supermarkets · Convenience and corner stores · Cognitions (e.g., attitudes, preferences. knowledge, values) · Skills and behaviors · Lifestyle · Biological (e.g .. genes, gender, age) · Demographics (e.g., income, race/ethnicity) .Access ·Availability · Barriers · Opportunities · Outcome expectations . Motivations · Self-efficacy · Behavioral capability · Practices · Legislative, regulatory, or policy actions Macro-level environments (sectors) Physical environments (settings) Social environment (networks) Individual factors (personal) · Role modeling · Social support · Social norms · Societal and cultural norms and values · Food and beverage industry · Food marketing and media · Food and agriculture policies · Economic systems . Food production and distribution systems · Government and political structures and policies · Food assistance programs · Health care systems · Land use and transportation ·Family ·Friends · Peers INFLUENCES ON FOOD INTAKE · Socio-economic, cultural and environmental factors that influence our living conditions: the food chain, accessibility to shops and outlets, housing situations- facilities to cook and eat, poverty, education approach and level . Social and community networks: Food culture, social norms, informal learning . Individual lifestyle factors: knowledge and skills for cooking, individual taste and preference · Variation in these: inequalities in opportunity for health through good nutrition THESE IN TURN INFLUENCE Inequalities: Variation in opportunity for health through nutrition Food supply: Food security: sustainability, quality, safety and climate Food poverty: deprivation, affordability, availability and accessibility Consumption: Health problems related to the excessive intake of quantity of the habitual diet Health problems relate