Music Week 9 Wednesday · Afternoon of a faun · Textbook questions · Test 4 before next Wednesday · Gustave Courbet, Bonjourm Monsieur Courbet, 1854 . Early 19th century there was excitement o Beethoven and Napoleon o 1848 - failed revolutions o Loss of hope o Industrial revolution § Important because more people worked their way §0 Third class carriage 1865) - realism of the mid century con Courbet - "everything that does not appear on the retina, is outside of the domain of paintism" • Opera o Realism o Late 19th century trends: 1. Opera that is big Richard Wagner) - "Ring Cycle" the 24 hour opera 2. Middle - operas with great plots but more for the people Verdi) - Othello 3. Realists - real and contemporary Puccini) - La Boheme and Madama Butterfly vl La Boheme - students in Paris that were starving • Giacomo Puccini o Involved in northern Italian operas - Milan o Milan - an opera city - opera house was called "La Scala" o Madama Butterfly vos Realist style opera - VERISMO style 1. Simple plot and not complicated - no topic too mundane 2. Has passion, sex, revenge, the heart and primal instincts 3. Very lyrical - soaring melodies 4. Doubling and tripling in orchestra - emphasizes melody o "Without melody there is no music" • Reasons for Western Interest in Japan in the Late 19th Century o Japan was isolated from the West for 200 years; this separation was lifted in 1854 o Western societies were looking abroad to gain untapped resources in order to fuel their new industrial economies o When japan lowered their boundaries to the west, they became allies of the US in part so both countries could take advantage of China o To help facilitate this new alliance, the Japanese government allowed American men new access to marry Japanese women § Allowed them to marry women but the men could leave the contract at any time §0 Japanese women were bound to the contract for 999 years yeah for real, its not an exaggeration) There were two world fairs held in Paris in 1867 and 1889 - many composers hears east Asian music for the first time and were totally enthralled with the new sounds o · "Exotic Others" o Africa - Verdi "Aida" opera) o East Asia - Japan - operas and operattas § Gilbert and Sullivan - English composers §0 Wrote a comic opera called "The Mikado" con England couldn't get enough of Japan - Japanamania • Paccini 1. Japanese folk songs and Japanese sounding melodies
3. Used Japanese percussion - including bells and gongs · Da Capo Aria ABA aria · Critical of American Policy 1. Throughout The World § Feature pinkerton §0 Has American anthum in hhis lines cas Egotistical 2. May good fortune attend you §0 Butterfly is introduced cas Her family is broken vos Father died by suicide vos Devotion to pinkerton §0 Pentatonic scale 3. Un Bel Di - "One