Health and Human Development Unit 3&4 U3AOS1 Health and wellbeing - overall state of a person's SMEPS and is characterised by an equilibrium in which the person feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged. WHO definition - health is a state of complete physical, mental and social h&w and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Illness - concept that relates to the negative aspects of h&w. Disease - physical or mental disturbance involving symptoms, dysfunction or tissue damage. Dimensions of health and wellbeing - SMEPS Physical h&w - functioning of the body and its systems, includes the physical capacity to perform daily tasks. Social h&w - ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others, and the ability to adapt appropriately to social situations. Spiritual h&w - ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of humans. Emotional h&w - ability to express emotions and feelings in a positive way, and the ability to manage and express emotional actions and resilience. Mental h&w - current state of the mind or brain, relates to the ability to think & process info. Dynamic & Subjective nature of health and wellbeing - Concepts of h&w said to be dynamic, as it can change quickly and the way people view it can change over time - Said to be subjective, as it means different things to different people Interrelationships between dimensions of health and wellbeing - All dimensions affect each other - Eg. feeling sick = physical h&w, impacts social h&w when you can't go out, emotional h&w affected Optimal health & wellbeing as a resource - Optimal health and wellbeing reduces the risk of illness and premature death Individually Allows people to: - Work productively - Gain an education - Earn an income - Run a household - Exercise Nationally - Greater economic growth - Less strain on healthcare
- Greater productivity - Higher levels of education - Higher civic participation Globally - Promote economic development - Reduce risk of disease transmission between countries - Assists in promoting peace and security - Promotes sustainability Prerequisites for health - WHO, PISSFESS acronym Peace - Absence of conflict, decrease risk of premature death Shelter - Protection from outside environment increases security, reduced risk of disease etc. Education - Empowers individuals and increases ability to earn income, health literacy levels 1 Food - Consume adequate nutrients, energy to complete daily tasks Income - Afford resources like healthcare, adequate food, housing, education Stable ecosystem - Stable ecosystems mean resources are safe and available for human use and consumption eg. water, soil, energy Sustainable resources - Ensuring resources that are available now will last for future generations to consume and utilise Social justice - Equal rights and fair treatment, addressing social and spiritual health and wellbeing Equity - All people should have equal access to resources or an income needed to meet a decent standard of living Measuring Health Status - key definitions Incidence - no. of new cases of a condition in