Health and Human Development Unit 3 & 4: Australia's Health & Global Health and Human Development
Definitions of physical, social and mental dimensions of health and health status Health Status refers to an 'individuals or a population's overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors' Physical Health refers to the functioning of the body and its systems, it also includes the physical ability to perform tasks and physical fitness Mental Health refers to 'a state of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community' Social Health relates to 'being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both and independent and cooperative way' Different measures of health status of Australians, including the meaning of burden of disease, health adjusted life expectancy and disability adjusted life years (DALYs), life expectancy, under-five mortality rate, mortality, morbidity, incidence and prevalence Burden of Disease is a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease & disability. It is measured in DALYS. DALY as mentioned is the measure of Burden of Disease and one DALY equals one year of health life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury (YLL) Years of Life Lost is the years of life lost due to premature death (YLD) Years of life lost due to disability is the number of healthy years lost due to disease, illness or injury Life expectancy refers to the indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change (HALE) Health Adjusted Life Expectancy denotes a measure of burden of disease based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rates of ill health and mortality Mortality refers to the number or rate of deaths Mortality Rate is the number of deaths over a period of time Morbidity refers to 'ill health in an individual and he levels of ill health in a population or group' Prevalence is essentially the number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition is present in a population at a given time
Incidence measures the number of new cases of an illness or disease during a given time The role of determinants of health, including the physical environment, biological, behavioural and social, in explaining variations in health status Biological Determinants are factors relating to the body that impact on health, such genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure,