Human Genome = lass O ype Genetics & Dev Lecture one V Date Block evised? O ek = Li ked content 7 Related to ANATOMY COMPILED (Column) vember 13, 2020 15:00-16:00 FOM YES 6 Intended Learning Outcomes 1. Define the terms genome, gene and chromosome Human Genome 1 --
Cell Genome Chromosome Gene Gene Intergenic region Genome · Genetic info of organism · Some viruses have RNA genome · Large static source of info . To utilise the information in our genome, we copy the bits we need when we need them into RNA molecules · Keeping the genome undamaged helps to prevent the causation of disease . Proteins access the information in the genome Divided into chromosomes . Thread like structures located inside the nucleus . Made of protein and a single molecule of DNA · Passed from parents to offspring, DNA carries hereditary information · Bacterial cells have a single circle of chromosomes · Eukaryotes have 2 or more linear pair of chromosomes Gene Human Genome 2 ---
· Basic unit of inheritance . Region of DNA that encodes a function · Eg sequence for a protein 2. Outline the basic composition of the human genome Human Genome: · 3 200 000 000 nucleotides · 46 linear molecule · Made of 22 pairs of autosomes (non sex chromosomes) and either 2 X chromosomes or 1 X and 1 Y chromosome · Consist of protein coding&related and Non-protein coding · Reverse transcriptase copies RNA to double stranded DNA which gets integrated into the genome 3. Define the meaning of the terms exon, intron, pseudogene, tandem repeat and interspersed genome-wide repeat Protein Coding & Related Exons · 1.5%, 50Mb · 47% · Protein-coding sequence · Required information for eg protein coding sequence v Coding related · 36%, 1150MB Introns UTRs · 250Mb Non-protein coding Repetitive DNA 7 Interspersed genome-wide repeats · Found at centromeres, at ends of chromosomes and throughout genome V Centromere · Holds sister chromatids together Human Genome 3 ---