Introduction to Management What is Management? Management - Involvwes coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that those activities are completed efficiently and effectively Efficiency- most output from least input/recourses Effectiveness - "doing the right things' - doing things to reach the goal Who are Managers? Manager- someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people to reach the goal First-line managers- People who wor with low level employees, (non-managerial employees Middle Managers- works with both first-line levels and top level of the organisation who manage the work of first-line managers Top Managers- making organisation-wide decisions, works for the goal and plan of the organisation Why Managers are important to organisations? Managers are important to organisation for three reasons: 1. Organisations need their managerial skills and abilities in uncertain complex and chaotic times 2. Managers are critical to getting things done in organisations 3. Managers contribute to employee productivity and loyalty; the way employees are managed can affect the organisation's financial performance; and managerial ability has been shown to be important in creating organisational value Managers skills Three essential skills or competencies of managers: 1. Technical Skills: Knowledge of and proficiency in a certain specialised field 2. Human Skills: The ability to work well with other people individually and in a group 3. Conceptual skills: The ability to think and to conceptualise about abstract and complex situation Top Managers- More conceptual , middle Human , Least Technical Middle managers - Equal level of each Lower-Level managers- Least conceptual, Middle human, more technical skills Four Functions of Management 1. Planning a. Setting Goals, establishing strategies and developing plans to coordinate activities 2. Organising a. Determining what needs to be done, how it will be done, and who is to do it 3. Leading a. Motivating leading and any other actions involved in dealing with people 4. Controlling a. Monitoring activities to ensure that they are accomplished as planning
Levels of Management Self-Management Also known as "self-leadership" or "personal productivity" "process through which individuals control their own behaviour Team Management Business Management Strategic Management SMART GOALS Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound