Introduction to Management Week 1 - Self Management Management: Involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that those activities are completed efficiently and effectively. Efficiency is a vital part of management. It refers to getting the most output from the least amount of inputs or resources. Effectiveness is often described as 'doing the right things' - that is, doing those work activities that will help the organisation reach its goals. Who are Managers Manager: Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organisational goals can be accomplished. First-line (or frontline) managers: Managers at the lowest level of the organisation who manage the work of non-managerial employees who are directly involved with producing the organisation's products or servicing its customers. E.g. Supervisor Middle managers: Managers between the first-line level and the top level of the organisation who manage the work of first-line managers. E.g. Regional Manager Top managers: Managers at or near the top level of the organisation who are responsible for making organisation-wide decisions and establishing the goals and plans that affect the entire organisation. E.g. CEO Managers are important to organisations for three reasons: 1. First, organisations need their managerial skills and abilities in uncertain, complex and chaotic times 2. Managers are critical to getting things done in organisations 3. Managers contribute to employee productivity and loyalty; the way employees are managed can affect the organisation's financial performance; and managerial ability has been shown to be important in creating organisational value. Management skills 1. Technical skills: Knowledge of and proficiency in a certain specialised field. 2. Human skills: The ability to work well with other people individually and in a group. 3. Conceptual skills: The ability to think and to conceptualise about abstract and complex situations. Top managers Conceptual Human Technical Technical Middle managers Conceptual Human Lower-level managers Conceptual Human Technical
Self-Management - A process through which individuals control their own behaviour, influencing and leading themselves through the use of specific sets of behavioural and cognitive strategies. Also, can be referred to as self-leadership or personal productivity. Four Functions of Management Planning - Prioritising tasks, working out what you will do next (setting SMART goals) Organising - Mobilising resources (e.g., study groups, textbooks, study space) Leading - Motivating yourself, overcoming procrastination Controlling - Making sure that you are on track, keeping up to date with tasks, self-reflection Smart Goals - Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound 3 Types of Controls Feedforward controls - What are the requirements of the task? - What kinds of things do I need to accomplish the task? Concurrent controls - How well am I progressing in the task? - How well does my work meet the task requirements? Feedback controls - How well did I meet the task requirements? - What would I do better next time? - Sometimes, this evaluation is called reflective practice What is Management ? Who is a manager ? Self Management Last week re-cap Planning Organising POLC Setting goals and objectives and identifying