CLASS: 12 BIOLOGY NAME: CORNELL NOTES TOPIC/OBJECTIVE: 1A KEY SCIENCE SKILLS DATE (& PERIOD): LEARNING INTENTION & SUCCESS CRITERIA: In this lesson you will learn the key science skills (KSSs) required to plan, conduct, analyse, and present the results of scientific investigations. Describe what a research question is and the elements of a research question. Describe what information is given the aim. Define the following variables. Outline what a hypothesis is and write the structure used for a hypothesis. Define the following method related terms. Compare the experimental groups and the control group. Designing and planning investigations 0.0.0.11 A research question is a study or research project through its thesis statement aims to answer. Elements of the research question consist of an analysis to provide an answer and must be feasible, mesaureable,focused and clear. Aim is an single statement that encapsulates the purpose or reason to why we are conducting an experiment, an aim should also be brief and concise. Independent Variable: a variable who stands alone and is not changed by other variables your trying to measure. Dependent variable: is the variable being tested and depends on the independent variable Controlled variables: variable that is kept constant throughout the experiment Extraneous variables: Variable that you're nor investigating that can affect the experiment A hypothesis is a prediction or assumption that is proposed for the intention of testing to discover it may be true. Repeatable: the method must be able to be repeated by following the steps and be valid on concise Reproducible Valid: The results should be similar or there should be trends or patterns to ensure that the method produces is accurate.
State the purpose of the control group. Explain the reason for trials (repeats) in an experiment. You may find it helpful to define terms used in your response above. Complete a table to compare the types of errors, including how these can be reduced. Contrast between primary and secondary data Contrast between raw and transformed data When recording primary data state what other information is important to record. Describe quantitative data (called numerical in textbook) and provide an example. Contrast between continuous and discrete data. Use an example to help. Describe qualitative data (called categorical in textbook) and provide an example. Contrast between ordinal and nominal data. Use an example to help. State the graph type(s) which best suit each data set. The purpose of a control group Repeated experiments is all for testing the validity of their results and ensure the data isn't just a rare occurrence Control group: Type of error Description How to avoid Conducting investigations 0.0.0.12 Primary data is first hand data gathered by the researcher himself whereas secondary data is collected by someone else Transformed data is often smalle Raw data is typically in its most basic and unorganized form, representing the original observations, measurements, or responses r in size than its raw counterpart Analysing and presenting results 0.0.0.13 Quantative data is data that can be measured or counted in numerical