BY2EN2 Endocrinology Week 3: Thyroid Hormone Signalling (Cathy Slack) Each week, you will be provided with worksheets that provide an overview of what will happen asynchronously (in your own time, at your own pace) and synchronously (live with me). Please make sure you have done any of the asynchronous work required before the synchronous session to make the most of it! When you are watching recordings, please do pause and make notes as well as clarifying things that you don't understand. The slides are all available on Blackboard. Asynchronously before the session Watch the recording entitled "Thyroid Hormone Signalling". Find out about other amino acid hormones - what are they, where are they produced, which amino acid are they derived from? 5 Read the review article 'Gene Regulation by Thyroid Hormone'. Identify the TWO enzymes that associate with thyroid hormone receptor complexes in influence gene expression. Watch the recording entitled 'Physiological functions of thyroid hormone signalling'. C Can you identify another thyroid hormone target gene and relate its expression to the physiological effects of thyroid hormone action?
Synchronous session (Thursday 15th October at 3pm-4pm) Attend the synchronous session via Blackboard collaborate. (and take part!).
Thyroid Hormone Signalling lecture 1. Describe the signal transduction pathway activated by thyroid hormone. 2. Discuss how thyroid hormone causes changes in gene expression. Is Thyroid hormone a peptide hormone or a steroid hormone? · Peptide hormones are generated through gene transcription. Gene>mRNA>peptides>post translational modifications> secretion through vesicles. · Steroid hormones are produced from cholesterol. Thyroid hormones are generated from the amino acid tyrosine. Tyrosine HO H H -C-C-no H NH2 `OH Thyroxine (T4) 1 I I H H HO -O -C-C-c. I I H NH2 OH (2 tyrosine + 4 1 ) Tyrosine HO H H O=0 I H NH2 OH Triiodothyronine (T3) 1 I I H H HO 0 C-C-n=0 I OH H NH2 (2 tyrosine + 3 1 ) Tyrosine is modified by the addition of iodine to form either T4 or Tfl . So thyroid hormone is neither a peptide nor a steroid hormone, it is an amino acid hormone.