BY2EN2 Endocrinology Introduction to Classical Endocrinology (week 1) Please make sure you have done any of the asynchronous work required before the synchronous session to make the most of it! When you are watching recordings, please do pause and make notes as well as clarifying things that you don't understand. The slides are all available on Blackboard. Asynchronously before the lecture Watch the recording entitled "1 - Introduction and Endocrinology and Hormone Synthesis". This will introduce the subject and teach you how the two major classes of hormones are made List all the major classes of hormone types (in addition to peptide and steroid) and find a named example for each. You will find information online and in the recommended reading list. Watch the recording entitled "2 - Feedback, Hormone Action and Disorders". This will introduce feedback loops, touch on the subject of hormone action that will be covered in more detail in the signalling lectures and briefly discuss hormone disorders Using the diagram entitled 'Hormone Disorders' in the Week 1 folder on BlackBoard, link the endocrine disorder to the tissue that secretes the hormone which is dysregulated Synchronous session - Date TBC Attend the synchronous session (and take part!).
1) Introduction to Classical Endocrinology and Hormone Synthesis lecture: After this lecture you should: 1. Understand the basic aspects of endocrinology and endocrine feedback loops 2. Be able to draw a model endocrine feedback loop 3. Be able to differentiate between synthesis/actions of peptide and steroid hormones 4. Be aware of some basic disease states associated with endocrine dysfunction What are hormones? - Chemical messengers released from one cell/tissue which produce a specific, receptor-mediated change in another cell/tissue. Hormones are involved in: · Development- Proliferation, growth, differentiation. · Metabolism- Energy storage- storing excess calories- hunger and satiety are driven by hormones, metabolic rate, temperature · Reproduction- Sexual maturation and behaviour, pregnancy and lactation. · Fluid homeostasis (maintaining a stable fluid environment)- Water balance, levels of electrolytes/ salts and blood volume. Common drugs are hormones or derived from hormones: · Insulin- treat diabetes · Thyroxin- modified hormone · Contraceptive pill- contains progesterone . Hormone Replacement Therapy · Androgen blockers- blocks hormone receptors- used in prostate cancer, which is driven by testosterone, so testosterone receptor is blocked. · Steroids Hormones come from glands- an organ that synthesises and releases a substance into the bloodstream, body cavity or skin ENDOCRINE GLANDS- Responsible for HORMONES. Endocrine Glands Pituitary Thyroid Thymus Adrenal Tissues with endocrine function include: Pancreas Kidney - erythropoietin (EP) Testes Kidney Heart - atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) Ovary Gut - gastrin, secretin Uterus Adipocytes - leptin, adiponectin Pancreas - insulin Right- Classical Endocrine Glands Left- tissues that release hormones but aren't thought of classical endocrine glands.
Endocrine Systems Stimulus_(+ve, or -ve) Gland Hormone A (Concentration change) (+ve, or -ve) (Usually -ve) Hormone B Target tissue Action Hormone A & B may be the same !! Cell to cell communication via hormones: 4 pathways: Stimulus causes gland to release Hormone A- causes a